A cross-sectional study is a type of observational research that analyzes data from a population, or a representative subset, at a specific point in time. It's used to examine the relationship between different variables and does not involve manipulation or control over variables.| Simply Psychology
A retrospective cohort study, also known as a historical cohort study, is a type of observational study where the researcher looks back in time at historical data to examine the relationship between certain risk factors or exposures and outcomes.| Simply Psychology
A prospective observational study is a type of research where investigators select a group of subjects and then observe them over a certain period of time. The researchers collect data on the subjects' exposure to certain risk factors or interventions and then track the outcomes. This type of study is often used to study the effects of suspected risk factors that cannot be controlled experimentally.| Simply Psychology
A panel study is a type of longitudinal research where data is collected from the same individuals, known as a panel, repeatedly over a period of time to make inferences about trends, patterns, and causal relationships in that population.| Simply Psychology
A cohort study is a type of longitudinal study where a group of individuals (cohort), often sharing a common characteristic or experience, is followed over an extended period of time to study and track outcomes, typically related to specific exposures or interventions.| Simply Psychology
In psychology research, validity refers to the extent to which a test or measurement tool accurately measures what it's intended to measure. It ensures that the research findings are genuine and not due to extraneous factors. Validity can be categorized into different types, including construct validity (measuring the intended abstract trait), internal validity (ensuring causal conclusions), and external validity (generalizability of results to broader contexts).| Simply Psychology
