In social psychology, a stereotype is a fixed, over-generalized belief about a particular group or class of people.| Simply Psychology
Look for inconsistencies in their story, exaggerated details, and avoiding eye contact. Liars tend to touch or cover their mouth more and shift in their seats. They may speak in a higher pitch or clearing their throat often. Pay attention if they repeat your questions before answering and provide extra unsolicited information. These signals suggest dishonesty.| Simply Psychology
A questionnaire in research is a structured set of questions designed to gather information from respondents. It's used to collect quantitative or qualitative data on subjects' opinions, behaviors, or characteristics.| Simply Psychology
A self-fulfilling prophecy is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true. It occurs due to the belief or expectation that an event will happen, which influences behavior to bring that event to fruition.| Simply Psychology
Conformity is a type of social influence involving a change in belief or behavior in order to fit in with a group.| Simply Psychology
Internal validity refers to whether the design and conduct of a study are able to support that a causal relationship exists between the independent and dependent variables. It ensures that no other variables except the independent variable caused the observed effect on the dependent variable.| Simply Psychology
External validity refers to the extent to which the results of a study can be generalized beyond the specific context of the study to other populations, settings, times, and variables.| Simply Psychology
A research hypothesis, in its plural form "hypotheses," is a specific, testable prediction about the anticipated results of a study, established at its outset. The research hypothesis is often referred to as the alternative hypothesis.| Simply Psychology
In research, the independent variable is manipulated to observe its effect, while the dependent variable is the measured outcome. Essentially, the independent variable is the presumed cause, and the dependent variable is the observed effect.| Simply Psychology
A confounding variable is an unmeasured third variable that influences, or “confounds,” the relationship between an independent and a dependent variable by suggesting the presence of a spurious correlation.| Simply Psychology
Extraneous variables are factors other than the independent and dependent variables that may unintentionally influence the results of an experiment. They need to be controlled, minimized, or accounted for through careful experimental design and statistical analysis to avoid confounding the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.| Simply Psychology
The Hawthorne Effect is a psychological phenomenon where individuals improve or modify their behavior in response to their awareness of being observed. This concept is often relevant in research studies, affecting the validity of results due to changes in participants' behavior under observation.| Simply Psychology