Convenience sampling is a non-probability sampling method where data is collected from an easily accessible and available group of people. The individuals in the sample are selected not because they are most representative of the entire population, but because they are most easily accessible to the researcher.| Simply Psychology
Internal validity refers to whether the design and conduct of a study are able to support that a causal relationship exists between the independent and dependent variables. It ensures that no other variables except the independent variable caused the observed effect on the dependent variable.| Simply Psychology
Simple random sampling is a technique in which each member of a population has an equal chance of being chosen through an unbiased selection method. Each subject in the sample is given a number, and then the sample is chosen randomly.| Simply Psychology
Sampling methods in psychology refer to strategies used to select a subset of individuals (a sample) from a larger population, to study and draw inferences about the entire population. Common methods include random sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling, and convenience sampling. Proper sampling ensures representative, generalizable, and valid research results.| Simply Psychology
Demand characteristics refer to clues or signals in an experimental setting that hint to participants about the experimenter's expectations, leading them to behave in a certain way to match these expectations, potentially biasing the results.| Simply Psychology
A controlled experiment aims to demonstrate causation between variables by manipulating an independent variable while controlling all other factors that could influence the results. Its purpose is to show that changes in one variable (the independent variable) directly cause changes in another variable (the dependent variable).| Simply Psychology
Qualitative research is a method of inquiry used in various disciplines, including social sciences, education, and health, to explore and understand human behavior, experiences, and social phenomena. It focuses on collecting non-numerical data, such as words, images, or objects, to gain in-depth insights into people's thoughts, feelings, motivations, and perspectives.| Simply Psychology
The Hawthorne Effect is a psychological phenomenon where individuals improve or modify their behavior in response to their awareness of being observed. This concept is often relevant in research studies, affecting the validity of results due to changes in participants' behavior under observation.| Simply Psychology
Sampling bias occurs when certain groups of individuals are more likely to be included in a sample than others, leading to an unrepresentative sample.| Simply Psychology
In Zimbardo's Stanford Prison experiment, participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups, guards or prisoners. after a few days, the prisoners staged a failed revolt and were consequently punished and humiliated by the guards.| Simply Psychology