A complete breakdown of the Double Gauss lens design and the Sonnar lens design. Includes history, technical examples, and performance evaluation of each.| A Pencil of Rays
The landscape lens is a fascinating look through the history of lens design. The concepts in the landscape lens can be used in any lens system.| A Pencil of Rays
First-order optics is the start to lens design. The achromatic doublet corrects chromatic aberrations, that can be calculated with thin lenses.| A Pencil of Rays