The first year of life is a time of rapid growth and profound transformation. For developmental psychologist Erik Erikson, this period is marked by the psychosocial conflict of trust versus mistrust—the first of eight critical stages in his psychosocial theory of development.| The Psychology Notes Headquarters
The preschool years—roughly ages 3 to 6—are marked by a surge in curiosity, imagination, and social interaction. This is the period Erik Erikson identified as the third stage of psychosocial development: Initiative vs. Guilt.| The Psychology Notes Headquarters
As infants grow into toddlers, they begin to assert their will, explore their environment, and develop a sense of self apart from their caregivers. According to Erik Erikson, this critical phase—typically occurring between 18 months and 3 years—marks the second stage of psychosocial development: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt.| The Psychology Notes Headquarters
As children enter elementary school, the world expands beyond the home. Classrooms, peers, assignments, and evaluations become central to their daily lives. This shift marks a new psychosocial challenge in Erik Erikson’s theory of development : the stage of Industry vs. Inferiority, typically occurring between the ages of 6 and 12.| The Psychology Notes Headquarters
Mood disorders are psychological disorders that cause mood disturbance in people. There are 2 main types of mood disorders: 1) Depressive disorders 2) Bipolar disorder Depressive disorders It’s normal for us to feel sad and depressed but these feelings are usually short-lived. Depressive disorder is characterized by prolonged sadness and hopelessness. On average, an episode of depression lasts about 6...| The Psychology Notes Headquarters
The Piaget theory suggests that regardless of culture, the cognitive development of children follows a predetermined order of stages, which are widely known as the Piaget stages of cognitive development.| The Psychology Notes Headquarters
What is morality? The concept of morality revolves around a person’s differentiation of good and bad when it comes to intentions, thoughts, decisions and actions. It may be driven by a specific code of conduct that comes with a certain religion or philosophy, or from a standard that a person sees as universal. What is moral development? Moral development looks...| The Psychology Notes Headquarters
In Sigmund Freud’s Psychosexual Theory, he proposed that the behavior and development of a person are influenced by the interaction between the conscious and unconscious aspects of that person’s mind.| The Psychology Notes Headquarters
Albert Bandura, an American psychologist, developed most of the principles of contemporary social learning theory / social-cognitive theory which is one of the more prominent and influential theories of development today. Bandura’s Social learning theory serves as a link that connects the behaviorist perspective and the cognitive perspective, supporting the behaviorist’s belief in the importance of reinforcement on maintaining behavior...| The Psychology Notes Headquarters