Tokyo's position as the top investor allows it to not only counter Beijing's growing clout in the region but also promote key economic and foreign policy objectives.| The Japan Times
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Utilising novel data on China’s overseas development finance, this article examines whether a Chinese “debt trap” strategy exists in Southeast Asia. China’s development loans in the region are mainly debt-financed, rather than aid-financed, which carry substantially higher interest rates than those of benchmark institutions such as the World Bank, and generate higher returns […]| www.iseas.edu.sg
Soaring debt repayments and collapsed lending have flipped China role in development countries from capital provider to debt collector. A retrenchment in Western aid and trade is compounding these difficulties while squandering any geopolitical advantage for the West.| interactives.lowyinstitute.org