According to Sternberg and Kauffman (1998), intelligence is defined as “the ability to learn from one’s own experiences, acquire knowledge and use resources effectively in adapting to new situations or solving problems.” This led to several research studies being conducted in the field of intelligence and its relationship to psychology. However, many of the intelligence-based Gardner argued that although reason, logic and knowledge sound similar, they are not alike at all. He believes t...| Communication Theory
Introduction Trait Theory, also known as Dispositional Theory, is an approach to study human personality and behaviour. It is the measurement of steady patterns of habit in an individual’s behaviour, thoughts and emotions. Trait theorists focus on the measurement of ‘traits’, which lead to a better understanding of human personality. Over a period of time, traits| Communication Theory
Introduction: In 1957 Westley and MacLean’s model of communication is proposed by Bruce Westley (1915-1990) and Malcolm S. MacLean Jr (1913-2001). Being one of the creators of journalism studies, Westley served as a teacher at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, between 1946 and 1968. Malcolm was director of University of Journalism School (1967-74) and co| Communication Theory
Kurt Zadek Lewin (1890-1947), was born in German. He was a great Psychologist and pioneer in Social Psychology. He developed the concept in the field of psychology called psychological “field” and “life space” in order to understand the human behavior and its important consideration of total life space. His studies are more based on to| Communication Theory
David McClelland, an American psychologist developed the theory of needs in the 1960s. It is also called the Three Needs Theory, acquired needs theory, or Learned needs theory. It is a theory to explain motivation and focuses on 3 specific aspects, namely, achievement, power and affiliation. This theory explains what these needs are and how| Communication Theory
Cognitive dissonance is a state of non-equilibrium where the behaviors and attitudes are inconsistent with one another. This theory is proposed by Leon Festinger in the 1950s.| Communication Theory
Assertive Communication is the art of striking a healthy balanced communication between the state of passiveness and aggression. Assertiveness is the ability to express opinions, ideas and emotions respectfully without harming the feelings of others.| Communication Theory
Interpersonal Communication came to being when men began to exchange ideas and thoughts to one another. Interpersonal Communication is a kind of communication in which people communicate their feeling, ideas, emotions and information face to face to each other. Source: VadimGuzhva/Adobe Stock It can be in verbal or non-verbal form. Interpersonal communication is not only| Communication Theory
Berlo’s model follows the SMCR model. This model is not specific to any particular communication. Berlo’s model includes a number of factors under each of the elements: Source: The source is situated where the message originates. Communication skills – It is the skill of the individual to communicate. For example, the ability to read, write,| Communication Theory
History : In mid 1930’s media scholars found the first theory on Media Effects and the Media Behaviors. During second world wars media plays a vital role in both United States and Germany to made influence in the people’s mind. Source: Aaron Amat/Adobe Stock The Germany Hitler’s Nazi used film industry for Propaganda and they| Communication Theory
Motivation refers to a process that guides and maintains behaviors towards our goals. Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation are the primary types of motivation.| Communication Theory
Social Identity refers to an individual’s sense of who they are based on which group they belong to. It basically refers to their identity in the context of a group. Henri Tajfel and his student, John Turner developed this theory in the 1970s. Source: gustavofrazao/Adobe Stock Tajfel believed that the groups that an individual belongs| Communication Theory
David Kolb introduced experiential learning theory. He gave a 4-stage cycle of learning and 4 separate learning styles. He was inspired by the work of Jean Piaget and John Dewey.| Communication Theory
Social intelligence refers to how people attempt to make sense of the social world and to understand self and others. Socially intelligent people tend to be empathetic, thoughtful, understanding and aware. This concept was introduced by Edward Thorndike in 1920.| Communication Theory
According to the American Psychological Association, knowledge is the range of one’s understanding or information. Various types of Knowledge have become an essential part of our daily life.| Communication Theory
Social skills are skills which facilitate and ensure smooth interaction between people to share needs, ideas, thoughts, feelings, emotions etc. It is also referred to as interpersonal skills.| Communication Theory
Conflict management involves identifying and handling conflict in a fair and sensible manner. It is also known as conflict resolution. There are various conflict management models that explain conflicts and how to manage them.| Communication Theory
Albert Bandura introduced the concept of self-efficacy. It refers to an individual’s belief in their capability to do tasks and actions about their well-being and life. It is the belief a person has in their ability to succeed.| Communication Theory
Social comparison theory is a concept proposed by social psychologist, Leon Festinger in the year 1954. Festinger states that humans consistently seek out accurate evaluations of themselves.| Communication Theory
The most successful and empirically backed-up methods and strategies to enhance emotional intelligence are bibliotherapy, Introspection, Self-evaluation, Self-expression, Emotional regulation, Self-reflection and Empathy.| Communication Theory
Anger management is a process to reduce anger or manage it more productively. It includes techniques that help in reducing the physiological arousal and emotional pain that accompanies anger.| Communication Theory
Maslow's hierarchy of needs was developed by Abraham Maslow in 1943.The various needs of humans to be fulfilled for motivation are physiology, safety, love, esteem needs that helps to attain self-actualization.| Communication Theory
Jean Piaget is another famous cognitive psychologist, who built upon Neisser’s ideas and introduced cognitive development theory. He stated that everyone passes through a fixed pattern of universal stages of cognitive development.| Communication Theory
Learning is a complex process. Although we may learn something new every day, it is an intricate process requiring many cognitive skills. The term “Bloom’s Taxonomy” may sound so jargon to many ears yet bears such a simple and easily comprehendible meaning. Taxonomy simply refers to categorization. What Is Bloom’s Taxonomy All About? Bloom’s Taxonomy| Communication Theory
According to John Hurley Flavell who introduced metacognition, Metacognition is a higher-order thinking process which involves the ability to think, rationalize, assess and evaluate.| Communication Theory
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs was developed into a simplified three-factor model , by an American psychologist, Clayton Paul Alderfer, known as the ERG theory of motivation.| Communication Theory
The Social cognitive theory developed by Albert Bandura claims that humans acquire beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors by observing environmental events and vicariously learning from them.| Communication Theory
Self-disclosure is the process of sharing information about self with other people. It is an essential component of healthy, enduring relationships as it develops trust and understanding.| Communication Theory
Theory of mind is the tendency or ability to interpret others by labelling mental states onto them. These states include our own biases, beliefs, intentions, thoughts, emotions, desires and opinions. The theory of mind, as the name suggests, includes ‘theories’ that we form for other people’s thoughts and feelings and how they come to exist.| Communication Theory
