Virology is a study of viruses, small parasites that are not able to reproduce by themselves.| News-Medical
The pervasive nature of viruses has had its impact throughout the living world. Viral disease can be found in plants, arthropods, protozoa and bacteria, but also in higher animals. Albeit more detailed knowledge of their biological, chemical and physical properties was mounted in the last 50 years, viruses are no modern phenomenon.| News-Medical
Gain-of-function research is the serial passaging of microorganisms to increase transmissibility, virulence, immunogenicity, and host tropism.| News-Medical