CRANK Call is a monthly review of developments involving cooperation, and at times contention, among China, Russia, Iran, and North Korea (the CRANKs). July 2025 Highlights Russian Foreign Minister visits Pyongyang as North Korea readies more troops Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov made a three-day visit to North Korea beginning on July 12, before traveling| Center for the National Interest
CRANK Call | June 2025| cftni.org
CRANK Call | February 2025| cftni.org
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CRANK Call | January 2025| cftni.org