Ivan Pavlov did not set out to change the course of psychology. Born in 1849 in Ryazan, Russia, he was raised in a deeply religious family, and his father expected him to follow the path of priesthood. But the young Pavlov found himself fascinated by the natural sciences, especially the ways the body functioned, and … Continue reading "Pavlov’s Classical Conditioning" The post Pavlov’s Classical Conditioning first appeared on PHILO-notes.| PHILO-notes
In 1879, Wilhelm Wundt established the first laboratory of scientific psychology. During this time, Wundt and his group developed the structuralism approach, which describes perceptions as combinations of elements called sensations which when grouped together form an image or object that people perceive. This approach dominated the period as an explanation to perceptions in psychology until 1920’s, when it set...| The Psychology Notes Headquarters
American psychologist William James (1884) and Danish physiologist Carl Lange (1887) independently proposed their theories of emotion at approximately the same time. Their two theories were later combined into what is presently known as the James Lange Theory of Emotion.| The Psychology Notes Headquarters
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is a type of depression that occurs at a specific time of year—most commonly beginning in the late fall and continuing into winter. Less frequently, some individuals experience SAD during the spring or summer months.| The Psychology Notes Headquarters
Systematic desensitization is a form of behaviour therapy. Based on the principles of classical conditioning, the systematic desensitization technique is proved to be excellent in dealing with different phobias and anxiety disorder such as panic disorder.| The Psychology Notes Headquarters
Psychodynamic therapy is also known as insight oriented therapy. The main focus of psychodynamic therapy is to raise the patient’s self-awareness and educate him/her about the effects of their past experiences on their present attitudes and behaviors. Psychodynamic therapy is often used to treat complex mental disorders, personality and chronic mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, generalize anxiety disorder, social...| The Psychology Notes Headquarters
What is Aversion Therapy Aversion therapy is a type of behaviour therapy which aims to reduce or eliminate an undesirable behaviour. This can be achieved by associating the undesirable behaviour with unpleasant stimuli (classical conditioning). Aversion therapy is based on the learning theory which states that all behaviours are learned and if we want to change an undesirable behaviour, we...| The Psychology Notes Headquarters
What are neurons? Neurons are nerve cells. They are composed of 3 basic parts: cell body, dendrites and axon. Cell body (Soma) The cell body is the largest part of a neuron. Its main function is to keep the neurone alive by performing tasks such as energy production and protein synthesis. Dendrites Dendrites are the bushy branches of a neuron....| The Psychology Notes Headquarters
Cognitive theories of motivation seek to explain our behaviors as a product of the careful study and active processing and interpretation of information received.| The Psychology Notes Headquarters
Our ancient ancestors realized that when it comes to finding food and fighting off enemies, it is beneficial to make a friend or two. That’s why we, humans, sometimes find it useful to become social. Why do we befriend some people but not others? Social psychology suggests 3 factors that influence our decision on picking friends. Proximity Proximity means geographic...| The Psychology Notes Headquarters
In Psychology, aggression refers to physical and verbal behaviours that intend to hurt another person. There are different factors that trigger our aggressive behaviours. Biological factors Genetic influences Twin studies who that genes influence aggression in human. If one identical twin admits to being aggressive, the other twin often admits the same. Researchers are working on finding the “violent” gene....| The Psychology Notes Headquarters
