Reading Time: 2minutesDisponible en français. This HillStudy presents a non-exhaustive overview of the language regimes in place in the provinces and territories, and it briefly describes the main features of each one. In Canada, jurisdiction over language is shared between the various levels... Read More › The post Executive Summary – Language Regimes in the Provinces and Territories appeared first on HillNotes.| HillNotes
Reading Time: < 1minuteDisponible en français. This HillStudy consists of a series of questions and answers intended to provide a better understanding of economic statistics and federal government finances. It covers such topics as the following: production: gross domestic product (GDP); inflation: consumer price index; nominal and real... Read More › The post Executive Summary – Federal Government Finances: Questions and Answers appeared first on HillNotes.| HillNotes
Reading Time: 2minutesDisponible en français. Population and income growth are leading to an increasing demand for animal proteins. However, there are concerns related to the world’s capacity to meet that growing demand, as well as to the environmental and health effects of... Read More › The post Executive Summary – Expanding Protein Options: Emerging Science and Policy Implications appeared first on HillNotes.| HillNotes
Organ transplantation surgery has saved countless lives since its advent in the 1950s. As the techniques and technologies used in transplantation medicine improve, positive outcomes for donors and recipients are increasing. Demand for this treatment, however, far exceeds organ availability. It is estimated that legal transplants performed cover the needs of only 10% of all patients on waiting lists worldwide. As a result, thousands of people die every year waiting for this procedure.| HillNotes
One of Parliament’s fundamental roles is to review and approve the government’s taxation and spending plans. To fulfill this role, parliamentarians follow the parliamentary financial cycle, which consists of a continuous loop of activities that take place throughout the calendar year. Because the federal government’s fiscal year begins on 1 April and ends on 31 March, activities that take place during a single calendar year may relate to different fiscal years.| HillNotes
Officers of Parliament support both houses in their accountability and scrutiny functions by carrying out independent oversight responsibilities assigned to them by statute. These officers are responsible directly to Parliament rather than to the government or a federal minister. While no statutory definition exists of what constitutes officers of Parliament, they should not be confused with officials who assist Parliament in procedural and administrative matters.| HillNotes
Canada’s founding document, the Constitution Act, 1867, established the country as a parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy. Executive authority resides with the Sovereign or that person’s representative (i.e., the Governor General of Canada). The Constitution assigns the Governor General a wide range of powers. However, as a constitutional monarchy, these powers are generally only exercised on the advice of Canada’s prime minister and the federal Cabinet.| HillNotes
For the purpose of investments, learning how to write an executive summary of a business plan correctly will see easier venture capital gain.| Alacrity Foundation - United Kingdom
The purpose of Canada’s retirement income system is twofold: to alleviate poverty among seniors and to help seniors who are better off to avoid significant declines in living standards when they retire. This HillStudy outlines the different components of the system, who they target, how much they cost and how they are financed. While there is general agreement that the retirement income system is a policy success story, a broader discussion of how well the system is meeting its objectives t...| HillNotes
Compared to later federal–provincial agreements, the Canada–Quebec Accord is also the most extensive. Under this Accord, for instance, Quebec has exclusive responsibility for selecting economic immigrants destined for that province – and for the criteria by which they are selected – rather than simply assessing and nominating some of them to address specific labour market and economic needs. Quebec, uniquely, sets the number of economic immigrants it will receive, rather than consulti...| HillNotes
In February 2015, the Supreme Court of Canada released Carter v. Canada (Attorney General), an important decision about the law on assisted dying. The decision found that the Criminal Code provisions that made it a crime to help a person end their life violated the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. As a result, several groups were formed to study the issue of assisted dying and to consider options for changing the law and related policies. This included a joint Senate and Hou...| HillNotes
With the majority of grains produced in Western Canada intended for export, the grain trade relies on a complex supply chain in which rail transportation is the cornerstone. Rail makes it possible to cover the vast distances between grain elevators where farmers deliver their grain and the port terminals from where grain is shipped to international markets. Most grain rail traffic is bound for the ports of Vancouver, Thunder Bay and Prince Rupert.| HillNotes
A healthy environment is essential to human life, health and well-being. Climate change is increasingly impacting the environment in ways that harm people. Climate change affects the air we breathe, the availability of food and water, and the rate and intensity of extreme weather events, such as floods, droughts and storms that have great potential to cause harm to human populations.| HillNotes
This document provides an overview of the various factors and players that shape Canada's immigration policy, sheds light on the legislative framework and the roles and responsibilities of the various levels of government, and presents a few of the essential components and instruments in this field.| HillNotes