In “The Coming of Islam and Its Influence on Dress” from Berg Encyclopedia of World Dress and Fashion: Central and Southwest Asia (2010), Gillian Vogelsland Eastwood defined a fez as:| Fashion History Timeline
Doran H. Ross in the Berg Encyclopedia of World Dress and Fashion: Africa (2010) in an article on Ghana explores in detail how adinkra is created (Figs. 1-2), and why it is worn:| Fashion History Timeline