Background The log-rank test is a Mantel-Haenszel “observed - expected frequency” type of test that was derived in a slightly ad hoc way by Nathan Mantel in 1966 and named the logrank test by R Peto and J Peto in 1972. It was later formally derived as the rank test having optimal local power for a shift in the type I extreme value (Gumbel) distribution. This horizontal shift is equivalent to a vertical shift in survival distributions after log-log transforming them. This is identical to s...
