Before I describe the vulnerability, I want to give huge thanks to Ben Bangert and Alessandro Molina for quickly responding to my report, and to Paul Kehrer for reviewing and confirming my findings. Sessions are a core part of many web applications. Put an opaque identifier (e.g. a UUID) in a cookie, then in your web app find the session in a database of some sort. The session might contain data like the currently logged in user, whatever.