bash 5.0 natively supports retrieving seconds since Epoch using a variable. Native bash method 1echo $EPOCHSECONDS # 1682740449If seconds are preferred: 1echo $EPOCHREALTIME # 1682740449.252199If milliseconds are preferred: 1echo $(( ${EPOCHREALTIME/./} / 1000 )) # 1682740449252Using date In addition to using the native bash method, date may be used. According to the date manual: %s seconds since the Epoch (1970-01-01 00:00 UTC) 1echo $(date +%s) # 1682740326If milliseconds seconds are prefer...