It seems like everyone has started talking about CUDA in the last year: It’s the backbone of deep learning, the reason novel hardware struggles to compete, and the core of NVIDIA’s moat and soaring market cap. With DeepSeek, we got a startling revelation: its breakthrough was made possible by “bypassing” CUDA, going directly to the PTX layer… but what does this actually mean? It feels like everyone wants to break past the lock-in, but we have to understand what we’re up against be...
