Recent DNA analyses have pinpointed the origins of the Indo-European language family to the Caucasus Lower Volga region in present-day Russia, around 4,500 BCE. These early speakers inhabited areas from the steppe grasslands along the lower Volga River to the northern foothills of the Caucasus Mountains. Over time, they mixed with neighboring groups, leading to the emergence of the Yamnaya culture. The Yamnaya, known for innovations like horseback herding and oxen-towed wagons, began expandin...
