The paper (arXiv 2020, also AI review 2023) opens up with discussing recent high-profile AI debates: the Montréal AI Debate and the AAAI 2020 fireside chat with Kahneman, Hinton, LeCun, and Bengio. A consensus seems to be emerging: for AI to be robust and trustworthy, it must combine learning with reasoning. Kahneman's "System 1 vs. System 2" dual framing of cognition maps well to deep learning and symbolic reasoning. And AI needs both.
