Recently Bob Marshall opined that refactoring code is waste. This reminds me of passionate discussions from a decade ago about testing: should we classify testing as a value-added activity or as an unavoidable waste? I’d like to change the question a little, but first, allow me to play the ball where it lies. If you haven’t read Bob’s article yet, then do so now. You’ll find it quite short; I read it in a few minutes. I composed this as a comment to Bob’s article, but it expanded to...