According to the 'information' theory of war, any attempt to end a conflict is obstructed by uncertainty over each side’s understanding of the other’s capabilities. No less significant an obstacle is the uncertainty surrounding the terms and guarantees of a future peace. One of the key problems today is that neither Europe, which is calling for guarantees of peace for Ukraine once hostilities have ended, nor the United States, which passively agrees on their necessity, is able to formulat...
