Berlin, Germany (SPX) Sep 22, 2025 A rare look inside the wintry north polar vortex of Mars has revealed that conditions are far colder than outside its boundary, and that the months of complete darkness allow ozone to accumulate in the martian atmosphere. "The atmosphere inside the polar vortex, from near the surface to about 30 kilometres high, is characterised by extreme cold temperatures, about 40 degrees Celsius colder
