A potential government shutdown on September 30, 2025 would create uneven impacts across U.S. immigration systems. USCIS’s fee-funded services—family petitions, adjustment of status, work permits, and naturalization—would largely continue, while systems dependent on annual appropriations could pause. E-Verify would shut down, forcing employers to rely on Form I-9 processes and document good-faith compliance. The Department of Labor is a critical bottleneck: if the FLAG system is disable...