SCENARIO: It’s 1950, and a brand new Turing machine, the first of its kind, has been installed at a research facility. Lots of people want to use it, but the machine has just one tape. A program’s execution can be affected in undesirable ways by data left over on the tape from a previous program run, and so as a matter of etiquette the convention is adopted among the machine’s users that the tape is to be wiped clean after each use. Rather than cleaning the tape manually after program e...