The Java virtual machine provides a high-performance, universal runtime for a wealth of popular languages beyond just Java. In this article, we’ll look at the characteristic strengths and common use cases of four of the most popular JVM languages: Kotlin, Scala, Groovy, and Clojure. Kotlin Kotlin is a modern language that has seen a groundswell of developer enthusiasm over the last few years. This popularity is thanks in large part to its highly expressive syntax, which includes object-orie...