In Christian history, Cappadocia is famous for two things—the 4C Cappadocian Fathers (i.e., Basil, Gregory of Nysa, and Gregory of Nazianzos) and the medieval cave churches. Unfortunately, these two periods share no overlap in the historical record. We have many texts from the Cappadocian Fathers, but none of the physical structures from that era. The opposite is true for the medieval period—hundreds of chapels, churches, monasteries, residences, and other rock-cut spaces remain from the ...
