More and more organisations are conscious about the environmental impact of their products - both physical or digital - and are trying to make positive changes.| TetraLogical Blog
Accessible recruitment is more than a policy - it’s a way to ensure that every candidate can perform at their best, and each role is filled by the person most capable of doing it.| TetraLogical Blog
Our foundations series provides an overview of core accessibility considerations. They are a good starting point for visual designers, content designers, interaction designers, and developers when designing and building accessible products and services.| TetraLogical
Accessibility consultancy with a focus on inclusion. We can help you with knowledge, experience, strategy, assessments, and development.| TetraLogical
Accessibility consultancy with a focus on inclusion. We can help you with knowledge, experience, strategy, assessments, and development.| TetraLogical
Accessibility consultancy with a focus on inclusion. We can help you with knowledge, experience, strategy, assessments, and development.| TetraLogical
Meet Craig Abbott, another friendly face supporting the charming Northern arm of TetraLogical. His home office comprises of several laptops, about 30 pairs of artfully arranged trainers, and two giant fluffy cats to lend a supportive paw on every team call.| TetraLogical
Imagine being in a department store that sells clothes from multiple brands and having a personal shopping assistant to help you select the clothes you want to buy. As a blind person, that's about the only way it's possible to go clothes shopping, independently at least, but few stores offer such a service, so you resort to shopping online.| TetraLogical
This post provides an overview of common assistive technologies (AT) used by people with seeing, hearing, moving, and thinking disabilities. It also explains what adaptive strategies are, and how these approaches work together to support accessibility and inclusive experiences.| TetraLogical Blog
The European Accessibility Act (EAA) came into effect on 28 June 2025. Many of our customers have asked what impact that may have on the digital services they offer. This post provides information on the application of the EAA in the context of websites and mobile apps.| TetraLogical
With the addition of Gez Lemon to the editing team, work continues on expanding and improving the HTML and screen reader support information.| TetraLogical Blog
Lola Odelola is a force to be reckoned with. Which is why TetraLogical are delighted to sponsor her work on the W3C Technical Architecture Group (TAG). They are currently involved with a number of important efforts involving Web Standards and accessibility. Here at TetraLogical we follow with interest and wholly support their work.| TetraLogical
While EN 301 549 is the technical standard cited in the European Accessibility Act (EAA), EN 17161 Design for All is a framework that supports embedding accessibility into strategy, design, and development processes. Both are harmonised standards used by the EAA and yet all the focus has been on EN 301 549. This post explores how the two standards relate to each other, and what that means for providers of digital products and services.| TetraLogical
Anyone who has ever conducted user research can appreciate the importance of building rapport with participants. When running inclusive user research, how can you build trust and mutual understanding with disabled participants?| TetraLogical Blog
By prioritising semantic HTML and offering keyboard-friendly alternatives for complex interactions, you help create a more inclusive experience for people who use a keyboard.| TetraLogical
Accessibility consultancy with a focus on inclusion. We can help you with knowledge, experience, strategy, assessments, and development.| TetraLogical
In 2025, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Large Language Models (LLM) like ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude, and DeepSeek are being used for everything. Writing emails. Generating code. Even applying for jobs. But, can they write good text descriptions for images?| TetraLogical Blog
All user research projects should include people with disabilities. Representing at least 15% of the world population, according to The World Bank, and potentially your target market, it doesn't make sense to exclude them. This post provides user researchers with tips on how to best moderate usability testing sessions where participants have a disability.| TetraLogical
The European Accessibility Act (EAA) requires that products and services made available to citizens of the European Union (EU) are accessible. Like most EU Directives, the EAA (DIRECTIVE (EU) 20191882) is hard to understand, and this has left many people unsure about what it means - and more importantly, what they need to do to make sure their products and services comply. With this in mind, we'd like to share our understanding of the EAA as it applies to digital products and services.| TetraLogical
Meet Josh, a sportsman who has Spinal Muscular Atrophy. Between training for the Olympics and his busy day job, Josh talks to us about how navigating the web is constantly evolving, how he adapts to various assistive technologies, and his hopes and concerns for artificial intelligence (AI).| TetraLogical Blog
Meet Jonathan, the photographer behind the portraits of all our models (links to their interviews below) for the TetraLogical website.| TetraLogical Blog
In this post, we explore how to use the <fieldset> and <legend> elements to group and label form elements effectively, creating a more accessible and well-structured experience.| TetraLogical
Extended Reality (XR) experiences provide immersive experiences which tend to require movement based interactions. But we need to consider alternative input methods for people who can’t move.| TetraLogical Blog
Meet Andre, a music producer and blind screen reader user who is not afraid to take his custom elsewhere if your site is not accessible. Andre shares his experience using the web including his love of headings and consistent design to help him navigate, and his dislike of accessibility overlays and poorly implemented page updates using live regions.| TetraLogical
This post offers an overview of various disability types across four groups: seeing, hearing, moving, and thinking, and provides a brief exploration of what disability is, highlighting how permanent, temporary, or situational disabilities can affect us all.| TetraLogical Blog
Meet Lauren, a film editor moving into the world of producing and production management who has ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder).| TetraLogical Blog
Meet Steve, a photographer from London who is deaf and low vision. He is an ex-civil servant who then went on to do freelance technology journalism and travelled the world.| TetraLogical Blog
As well as labelling text fields with input and labels, form validation and error messages are also essential to making forms accessible to everyone.| TetraLogical
Meet Hasmukh, a talented blind cricketer with lots of patience and determination. Hasmukh shares his experience using the web with a screen reader and highlights the importance of accessible emails, forms, language, and prioritising content within a web page.| TetraLogical
Extended Reality (XR) experiences tend to focus on providing immersive sounds and directional audio to convey information. But we need to consider how we convey the information in these experiences to people who can’t hear them.| TetraLogical Blog
Extended Reality (XR) experiences tend to focus on providing rich, visual content to convey information. But we need to consider how we convey the information in these experiences in a way that isn’t overwhelming, scary, or difficult to understand.| TetraLogical Blog
Extended Reality (XR) experiences tend to focus on providing rich, visual content to convey information. But we need to consider how we convey the information in these experiences to people who can’t see them.| TetraLogical Blog
In this post about forms, we explore how to effectively label text fields using <input> and <label> elements to create form inputs that are both accessible and user-friendly.| TetraLogical
Extended Reality (XR) provides immersive experiences through detailed visual, audio, and multi-media content. When using these different types of content, we need to consider how we can communicate the same information to people with disabilities in order to make XR accessible to everyone.| TetraLogical
Accessibility consultancy with a focus on inclusion. We can help you with knowledge, experience, strategy, assessments, and development.| TetraLogical
Accessibility consultancy with a focus on inclusion. We can help you with knowledge, experience, strategy, assessments, and development.| TetraLogical
The ARIA Authoring Practices Guide (APG) contains an extensive range of design patterns aimed at helping developers to create accessible web experiences using WAI-ARIA. However, while we encourage web authors to follow these design patterns, a common misconception is that their usage is a prerequisite for conformance. This is not the case.| TetraLogical
Accessibility consultancy with a focus on inclusion. We can help you with knowledge, experience, strategy, assessments, and development.| TetraLogical
Accessibility consultancy with a focus on inclusion. We can help you with knowledge, experience, strategy, assessments, and development.| TetraLogical
A big question for many organisations is if WCAG 2.2 applies to native apps. In this post we explore what does and doesn't apply.| TetraLogical
Accessibility consultancy with a focus on inclusion. We can help you with knowledge, experience, strategy, assessments, and development.| TetraLogical
When `tabindex="0"` is applied to an HTML element, the content marked up using that element will become keyboard focusable, and is therefore a good starting point for supporting keyboard accessibility. However, applying this attribute haphazardly or unnecessarily can reduce the experience for people who use a keyboard or an equivalent input device to navigate web content.| TetraLogical
Live regions have a reputation for being "flaky" and inconsistent. While this can be attributed in part to shortcomings in current implementations, the problem can also be caused by developers misunderstanding how live regions are intended to work.| TetraLogical
Accessibility isn't solely important in the final product; it's crucial at every step of the process. Adopting accessible practices from the outset unlocks your team's full potential. This approach not only improves the products you create but also nurtures a culture of inclusivity within your organisation and means your team will more accurately reflect the diversity of your customer base.| TetraLogical
Meet Demelza Feltham, the accessibility aficionado whose infectious enthusiasm pairs perfectly with a touch of Scottish charm.| TetraLogical
Like many inventions before it, Generative AI is changing the way we do things. Like those inventions that went before it, Generative AI is capable of great good and great harm, and like the humans that used those inventions before us, we need to be smart about the way we use Generative AI.| TetraLogical
Meet Steve, a seasoned accessibility specialist but new to the TetraLogical team after slotting into place as the fourth Director last year.| TetraLogical
Meet Gez Lemon. In the colourful landscape of web accessibility, Gez Lemon stands out as not just a seasoned professional but also as one of the greats. Gez has always been at the forefront of the digital accessibility industry and has gone above and beyond in sharing his passion for making the web an inclusive space for everyone.| TetraLogical
Supporting keyboard-only interaction is one of the most important principles of web accessibility. However, the scope of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) in relation to keyboard accessibility is often misunderstood.| TetraLogical
The UK Public Sector (Websites and Mobile Apps) Accessibility Regulations (PSAR) came into effect in 2018, following the approval of a 2016 Directive from the European Union (EU). In 2022, an amendment to the PSAR was released to address changes brought about by the UK's departure from the EU in 2020.| TetraLogical
Accessibility consultancy with a focus on inclusion. We can help you with knowledge, experience, strategy, assessments, and development.| TetraLogical
TVs, set-top boxes and streaming devices are a huge part of all our lives and should be accessible so everyone can watch what they want, when they want, how they want. We've started exploring challenges people with disabilities may face when interacting with TV apps and considerations for people designing and developing TV app interfaces.| TetraLogical
In our second post about creating accessible experiences within Extended Reality (XR), we highlight some key considerations for designing accessible augmented reality (AR) experiences with our AR TetraLogical principles cube. You can also explore Inclusive XR: accessible 3D experiences.| TetraLogical
Meet Henny Swan, one third of our trio that makes the TetraLogical directors, and accessible user experience and design lead.| TetraLogical
Accessibility consultancy with a focus on inclusion. We can help you with knowledge, experience, strategy, assessments, and development.| TetraLogical
When conducting usability testing with disabled users, we observed how well images performed from both a visual and non-visual perspective when it came to finding and understanding content.| TetraLogical
Meet Léonie Watson. Our purple-haired maverick was TetraLogical's founder back in 2019 and has guided this accessible ship through an incredible amount in such a short time.| TetraLogical
Well structured content helps everybody understand and navigate documents. When coded properly in the HTML, headings, lists, and landmarks help people who use screen readers (software that reads what’s on screen) both scan and navigate pages.| TetraLogical
In our second post on WCAG 2.1 Level AAA, we discuss how to test against various Level AAA success criteria. You can read about the benefits of Level AAA and when to consider including Level AAA Success Criteria in our first post, Understanding WCAG 2.1 Level AAA, and what to do with your test results in our third post, Triaging WCAG 2.1 Level AAA.| TetraLogical
It takes time and effort to embed sustainable accessibility into an organisation. It cannot be achieved through disconnected activities like assessments or training (although such things can be useful in their own right); sustainable accessibility needs a co-ordinated and evolving plan that encompasses every aspect of the organisation.| TetraLogical
This article gives an overview of what an accessibility assessment is, when it is beneficial, and when another service such as an Insight Report may be better suited.| TetraLogical
When a website is assessed using the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), it is rarely feasible to test every single page. Instead, the assessment can be based on a sample of pages that are representative of the website as a whole, to keep things as efficient and cost-effective as possible.| TetraLogical
Meet Joe Lamyman, an accessibility specialist at TetraLogical and lover of all things interactive media.| TetraLogical
Meet Alistair Duggin, TetraLogical's accessibility champion with a passion for wildlife, fitness and all things outdoorsy.| TetraLogical
Sticky content helps prioritise important content so it's always visible, but it can create issues for sighted people who use a keyboard, or a keyboard-like device, as focused controls become hidden behind the sticky content. This post discusses how you can keep controls behind sticky content visible and usable when they receive focus.| TetraLogical
It's hard being the only one in your organisation or team responsible for accessibility. If that sounds familiar, I salute you, and this one's for you.| TetraLogical
Meet Ian Pouncey, a Director since day one of TetraLogical and our resident fitness, health, and weightlifting expert.| TetraLogical
Meet Dean Holden, a music-loving, vinyl-collecting family man who has also made significant contributions to web accessibility in his decades of experience in the corporate world.| TetraLogical
A pointer gesture is an action a person performs using their finger, mouse, or an assistive technology like a head pointer or eye gaze system to operate a functional control. Some pointer gestures can be difficult or even impossible for certain people to perform, so an accessible alternative may be required. This post introduces the different forms of pointer gestures and covers how and when to provide alternatives for people who can't perform them.| TetraLogical
Meet Graeme Coleman. Single-handedly propping up the Scottish arm of TetraLogical, Graeme has been tirelessly working towards better accessibility with us since the very beginning.| TetraLogical
As part of our ongoing effort to meet the Web Content accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1 and 2.2 Level AAA, we've created British Sign Language (BSL) versions of our video and created BSL playlists in our TetraLogical YouTube channel. In this post we explore our process for adding BSL to videos and share some tips.| TetraLogical
The Web Accessibility Initiative Accessible Rich Internet Applications specification 1.2, or WAI-ARIA or ARIA for short, is a technical specification written by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). In this post we explore what WAI-ARIA is, and how it can enhance the user experience for people using screen readers.| TetraLogical
In this series, Inclusive Extended Reality (XR), we will be delving into ways to design accessible experiences when interacting with 3D objects, augmented reality, and virtual reality. In our first post about creating accessible experiences within Extended Reality (XR), we highlight some key considerations for designing 3D model viewers by introducing our 3D TetraLogical principles cube. You can also explore Inclusive XR: accessible augmented reality experiences.| TetraLogical
Visible focus styles help us to understand which part of a web page we may be interacting with. You may have seen visible focus styles appear as an outline around a link or a button for example. For people who only use a keyboard to navigate the web, visible focus styles may be one of the few ways to understand where they are in a page and what it is that they are interacting with.| TetraLogical
A target size is the area that can be activated in order to interact with an element. For people who have dexterity issues, the smaller a target size is, the more difficult it may be to use the website. This post explores how to create usable, consistent, and well-spaced target sizes.| TetraLogical
Deciding whether to use native or custom components for a website or web application can have implications in terms of development effort, user experience, and accessibility. This post considers the pros and cons of each approach with a focus on accessibility, and provides guidance on how to choose one.| TetraLogical
HTML semantics provide accessibility information about page structure and an element's role, name, and state, helping to convey the nature and purpose of content on web pages. In this post we explore what HTML semantics are, and how they're experienced by people using assistive technologies like screen readers and speech recognition software.| TetraLogical
Given that Internet Explorer 11 is now officially retired, organisations occasionally ask us if, from an accessibility perspective, they should continue to support the browser. In short, we're edging (no pun intended) towards dropping support, or at least phasing out support, in favour of Microsoft Edge. There are a few reasons for this, both technical and non-technical.| TetraLogical
Meet Felicity Miners-Jones, our fearless project manager, and hear what her top accessibility tips are and what she wished she'd known when she started out in accessibility.| TetraLogical
Quick Response (QR) codes are graphics that can be scanned to direct people online to complete an action or find content. This blog post explores considerations and provides guidance for creating accessible experiences with QR codes.| TetraLogical
One of the most important and challenging aspects of running inclusive user research is finding participants with a wide range of access needs, who can provide feedback on different features of your products. Our third post from the Inclusive user research series answers key questions around recruitment.| TetraLogical
TalkBack only announces role information for a relatively small number of user interface (UI) elements within native apps. When comparing this behaviour against web content, this can often give the (false) impression that these elements must have been coded incorrectly and therefore need to be "fixed". This blog post looks at when it is acceptable for a role not to be announced, the roles that TalkBack **does** announce, and what this means for conformance to the Web Content Accessibility Gui...| TetraLogical
A design system is a library of styles, components, and patterns used by product teams to consistently and efficiently launch new pages and features. A good system has accessibility embedded throughout and includes documentation, guidelines and implementation notes for accessibility.| TetraLogical
Meet Patrick H. Lauke, he's a technical wiz, passionate advocate and all-round expert in the world of digital accessibility. Here he shares his favourite resources and tips for those starting out.| TetraLogical
In moderating usability testing with people with disabilities we covered the skills and techniques that help researchers run sessions smoothly and collect valuable insights. The second post in our Inclusive user research series discusses some of the unique challenges posed by findings from sessions run with people with disabilities, and advice on how to analyse them.| TetraLogical
A user story usually focuses on the value a software feature will deliver to an end-user, and an accessibility user story is no different. Whether you need to write an accessibility user story to fix issues found in an accessibility review, as part of a business case, or as part of your service delivery plan, there’s not much that you need to do differently.| TetraLogical
If you've taken the time to understand WCAG 2.1 Level AAA and have spent time testing WCAG 2.1 Level AAA, what do you do with the results?| TetraLogical
A list is generally agreed to be a series of words or phrases that are grouped together for a reason. That reason might be to remember the items we want from the store, to share our top five favourite movies, or to write down the steps needed to complete a task.| TetraLogical
In an ideal world, products and services would be designed so that every person experienced them in an equitable and comparable way. However, sometimes it is necessary to justify to stakeholders why the proper time, money, and resources need to be dedicated to embed accessible practises.| TetraLogical
Most websites have common areas of content like a header and footer, a main content area, and one or more navigation blocks. Sighted people can identify these areas based on the way they're styled and the content they contain, but people who are blind cannot do that quite as efficiently. Landmarks, like headings and lists, offer screen reader users a more comparable experience for identifying and navigating between these areas of content.| TetraLogical
Session timeouts are designed to protect privacy and security, but if they’re implemented incorrectly, they can prevent people from completing tasks on a website.| TetraLogical
Colour is a valuable tool for communicating meaning. But if you can't see colour, then meaning is lost. Always plan to use colour to convey meaning in combination with another means of identification.| TetraLogical
Good contrast is about using colours that provide enough variation between the content and background. This is particularly important for people who have conditions that affect vision or colour perception, as well as people browsing on mobile in different light conditions.| TetraLogical
Text descriptions are primary content, and when images do not have a text description, anyone who cannot see the image will not know its purpose. This means people may be unable to access content or perform related tasks.| TetraLogical
These 10 quick accessibility tests can help you understand how easy or difficult it is for people with disabilities to perceive, operate and understand content on your website or mobile app. The tests are helpful for anyone wishing to get an idea of a product's support for accessibility, including project managers, content editors, procurement managers, and many others.| TetraLogical
Animation and movement can add to the visual appeal of content, but poorly designed animations can cause problems for many people unless it is implemented correctly.| TetraLogical
Understanding how people with disabilities browse the web using assistive technologies (AT) is core to making an accessible and inclusive user experience. Our browsing with assistive technology videos series introduces commonly used software, who uses it, how it works, and ways people navigate content.| TetraLogical
In our first post about WCAG 2.1 Level AAA, we discuss why it is useful and when to consider including it. You can also read about how some Level AAA Success Criteria expand upon Level A and Level AA Success Criteria and how to test them in our second post, Testing WCAG 2.1 Level AAA, and what to do with your test results in our third post, Triaging WCAG 2.1 Level AAA.| TetraLogical
In our fifth and final post from our browsing with assistive technology series, we discuss browsing with speech recognition. You can also explore browsing with a desktop screen reader, browsing with a mobile screen reader, browsing with a keyboard, and browsing with screen magnification.| TetraLogical
In our fourth post from our browsing with assistive technology series, we discuss browsing with screen magnification. You can also explore browsing with a desktop screen reader, browsing with a mobile screen reader, browsing with a keyboard, and browsing with speech recognition.| TetraLogical
