One way of measuring an IQ test’s validity is through a validity coefficient, which shows the degree of correlation between a score on the test and some external criterion. A validity coefficient ranges between 0 and 1.00, with a higher score indicating a larger relationship.| Explorable.com
Below are the three lines of reasoning behind the existence and nature of general cognitive ability in human beings. “Mental Energy” Demonstrating that various mental tasks and skills are highly correlated with one another certainly suggests that a more general intelligence is responsible. But it doesn’t answer the question: what is intelligence?| Explorable.com
Spearman noticed that children’s grades across all school subjects tended to be highly correlated. If a child did well in one subject, they generally also did well in another subject, and vice versa. What did this say about the nature of intelligence? He devised factor analysis to measure the relationships between seemingly varied cognitive abilities and account for the correlations he saw between scores on different tests.| Explorable.com
France was making advancements in its education system and intended to reduce the number of struggling children being diverted into asylums. Binet and Simon were appointed to the now unfortunately named Commission for the Retarded, where they became curious about how to study children’s intelligence experimentally. They developed the Binet-Simon scale and made many subsequent adjustments.| Explorable.com
Consider the following. Which best describes the person you’re thinking about?| Explorable.com
How hard did you have to think to read the sentence above? If you’re like most literate adults, reading is a skill so familiar and well-practiced that it may have felt like second nature to you. You may have barely noticed the cognitive effort your brain made to read and comprehend the words. But what would happen if your brain was asked to do a task that it wasn’t as familiar with? This question is behind the elegant design of the Stroop experiment.| Explorable.com
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Although depression is characterized by certain common symptoms, everyone experiences it differently. Still, at the very beginning, it is important to understand how people usually feel when depressed, as well as what causes this mood disorder to occur.| Explorable.com
Having depression influence your romantic relationship can certainly put a strain on your love. Still, if you understand what the problem areas may be and are willing to put in the effort, your bond might even grow stronger, as a result of your mutual struggle.| Explorable.com
Ferocious competition, stress, deadlines, the expectations and pressures of employment, can sometimes contribute to depression. And, if you are already struggling with a mood disorder, work-related issues can be especially strenuous to handle. However, as always, there are certain precautions you can take.| Explorable.com
Not only do cognitive errors generate biased interpretations of reality, but they also lead to dysfunctional behaviors and poor decisions. But what is the root of our flawed thinking? Below you can find the most typical cognitive distortions, which are closely related to depression.| Explorable.com
Although children’s symptoms of depression are similar to those of adults, it is easiest to spot childhood depression by looking at your kid’s school performance and social interactions. Emotional changes are also an important indicator to consider.| Explorable.com
Although the alternatives may not be as effective as therapy, they are an additional tool, to help you cope. Since the alternative we suggest are lifestyle changes, they can not only help you fight depression, but also contribute to improving your general wellbeing. These activities are always beneficial, so don’t hesitate to incorporate them into your routine.| Explorable.com
Animal-assisted therapy is used to improve patient’s response to treatment, but the help of animals is certainly not limited to medical conditions. Caring for an animal has mental health benefits worth considering.| Explorable.com
Walking is not just a simple way of moving from point A to point B, or a healthy daily habit, but also an excellent opportunity for meditation. Yes, that’s right! Walking can be a form of meditation, as long as you do it in a specific way. What Is Meditation? We all know what walking is, but what about meditation? Well, it’s a simple technique designed to calm your mind, by alleviating stress and other mental health issues.| Explorable.com
Since depression is a serious condition that may transform a person’s life, advice is simply not enough. Sure, a few tips and trick may be of use, but above all, people who struggle with this condition need our unconditional love and support. They want someone who will listen and understand without passing judgement or trying to solve their problems. In short, when we are trying to help a loved one, who is struggling with depression, compassion is a key skill.| Explorable.com
Even though you have learned a lot about depression and are steadily walking down the path to a happier, healthier life, there are many myths and misconceptions, surrounding depression. To help you gain further insight and an even better handle on your struggle, below you will find some facts about depression, which most people are unaware of.| Explorable.com
Mood disorders can often result in physical issues, while medical conditions can easily cause stress, depression or other mental health problems. Simply put, if one is affected, the other will suffer as well. But what about depression? What are the main physical health problems associated with this mood disorder?| Explorable.com
The purpose of this tool is to highlight symptom reduction, by comparing previous and current scores. You can take advantage of this method, by using it to gain additional motivation for future efforts. What’s the Point? Last time you completed this questionnaire, we were at the beginning of our journey. Now we’re going to ask you to complete it once again, so that you can get an idea about your progress and the areas you currently need to focus on.| Explorable.com
You can create your own brighter future. Did you know that your imagination has amazing healing powers? Through mental imagery, we can envision a brighter future, alternative solutions to our problems, even a better version of ourselves. Once we have envisioned all of this, it would be much easier to make it into reality.| Explorable.com
Here, we are going to examine optimism, as a concept that involves a mix of constructive emotions and a positive attitude towards life. When it comes to adopting an optimistic view on life, a step-by-step approach may be challenging, but has a lot of benefits. Depression and Pessimism It is well-known that people who experience depression have pessimistic attitudes towards life, others and themselves.| Explorable.com
When it comes to interpersonal skills, practice makes perfect, which is why we strongly encourage you to interact with others, as often as possible. However good your social skills may be, there is always room for improvement and you can try the following 3 simple techniques. Empathy Empathy means to put yourself in another’s place, while being able to understand their emotions. It’s a concept different form mere sympathy, and even more so from feeling sorry for someone.| Explorable.com
Since we’re halfway through journey, now’s the perfect time to reevaluate the situation. Let’s take a look at what you have achieved so far – you have a lot to be proud of! Summarizing all that you have learned so far can also be very motivational and encourage you to pursuit further progress.| Explorable.com
Not only does exercising reduce the overall negative effects of depression, but it also works great against other mental health problems, such as anxiety and chronic stress. Furthermore, it lowers your cholesterol levels, boosts your immune system, and prevents illnesses, such as arthritis, heart disease, diabetes, etc.| Explorable.com
If you want to regain control over your life, you need to start living in the “here and now”. That is why we are now going to explore two simple strategies that work miracles against the unpleasant effects of depression. Mindful Living At the basis of mindfulness is living in the present, by focusing on specific actions, which you can engage in here and now.| Explorable.com
Life is neither black, nor white. Most situations are somewhere in the gray area. However, it is you who chooses how to interpret what happens to you. With the right set positive affirmations, alternative thoughts, or however you choose to call them, life can take on a new meaning. “I’m a fallible human being, just like everyone else” You probably hear this all the time, but have you ever stopped to think about it? Perhaps now is the time to do so.| Explorable.com
By changing your dysfunctional thoughts and beliefs you can indirectly affect the way you feel. Out of all the tools used by therapists, one of the most effective is the ABC model. It’s a comprehensive, easy-to-use technique that allows you to find better alternatives to replace your old, negative mindset.| Explorable.com
However, those of us who struggle with depression seem to interpret failure in a completely catastrophic way. Why do some of us add a negative nuance to failure, while others see it as a learning opportunity? It all comes down to dysfunctional beliefs associated with depression and you are about to learn how that works.| Explorable.com
Since depression could make this approach difficult to carry out, we’ve come up with an easy-to-implement solution. Behavioral activation is all about increasing your activity level so that you can enjoy life again. Step 1 – Choose a Set of Activities When it comes to choosing the ideal activities for your improvement strategy, there’s no ‘right’ and ‘wrong”’.| Explorable.com
The process of overcoming depression is a journey - you need to set a clear destination, otherwise you will never know if you have reached where you wanted to go. Make sure you know exactly what you’re after even before you start. Besides, goal setting is also the first step in behavioral activation. This will allow you to gradually regain the life you once had and even make it better.| Explorable.com
As you now know, mood disorders might have had an adaptive role in the past. Even if depression is no longer adaptive, it still offers some benefits to those who experience it. Have you ever wondered what fuels YOUR depression? Subconscious Processes Before we delve into a topic, which may seem bizarre or downright angering at first, it is important to establish a basis, by talking about a human being’s subconscious processes.| Explorable.com
The behavioral aspects of depression are those that change your life most visibly. When you feel too weak to go to work or do chores, you spend an less and less time socializing, and you avoid activities your previously loved, that’s when the problem becomes apparent.| Explorable.com
We’re about to explore the main differences between depression and sadness. Knowing how to separate the two makes the difference between letting the problems slip through your fingers, and taking preventive measures.| Explorable.com
Below is a list of 20 basic signs, both mental and physical, of depression, along with simple instructions on how to fill it in. Signs and symptoms – this column contains the 20 basic signs and symptoms of depression. Level of severity – On a scale of 1 (lowest) to 10 (highest), how much does each symptom describe your current condition?| Explorable.com
While some might be able to manage certain aspects of depression on their own, depression won’t simply go away. It is important to take purposeful action and seek help from a mental health professional, in addition to this guide.| Explorable.com
But depression does not feel or manifest in the same way for everyone. Some may experience severe forms of depression, while others may still be able to function almost normally, while depressed. Whatever the case may be, the main purpose of our guide is to provide answers that can be applied to each type of depression.| Explorable.com
Thanks to the efforts made by modern medicine and psychology, nowadays depression is highly treatable. Leaving aside isolated cases, which may require drug therapy, psychotherapeutic techniques may be enough for most people. However, before we arrive there, it is important to understand the roots of depression.| Explorable.com
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Feeling blue from time to time is absolutely normal. However, when these feelings last more than a few weeks, it’s usually a sign of depression. It has been suggested that depression is just as frequent as the common flu. Let’s take a closer look at some of the ways people often describe their condition and see if you have ever felt something similar.| Explorable.com
The human mind seldom rests. Thoughts occupy our mind at all times, even when we are not aware of it. Among these thoughts, it is estimated that we make between 300-400 self-evaluations per day.| Explorable.com
This short and simple exercise is a good start, which doesn’t require too much effort, and is a good way to create a baseline for further work. Experiment with Self-Criticism Self-criticism is a two pronged fork that may go in either direction. However, there is a way to ensure that despite self-criticism, one can lead a fulfilling and productive life. Here’s a two-day experiment with self-criticism.| Explorable.com
There is an important difference between beating yourself up and being productively honest about your shortcomings. Striking a balance would enable you to make productive use of constructive criticism, while staying away from its destructive counterpart.| Explorable.com
Your imagination if a powerful tool that can help you overcome a lot of anxiety, stress, and unreasonable expectations. Here is an idea how to apply it, so that you can reinvent your harsh self-critic. The Case This step involves some imagination. Close your eyes and imagine you are in a courtroom. The defendant here is your self-critical thought. There is an objective jury and all the evidence for your thought is slowly being laid out.| Explorable.com
Examine your standards to be arbitrary or fair, average, or strict. Does a single situation define you as a person? Do you feel adequate at times or are you always lacking one thing or another?| Explorable.com
Brains are complicated and brilliant machines, but they are also imperfect. That is why not all our thoughts are reality-based or meaningful. This is often true when it comes to self-critical thoughts.| Explorable.com
Some people believe that the ability to self-criticize plays a role in their success but in the majority of cases, people succeed in spite of their inner critics, and not because of them. Let It Be Let the judgment be. It’s easier to criticize oneself and constantly be rip at your achievement, especially if that is what you have grown used to. And that’s exactly why you have to choose the road less traveled.| Explorable.com
Cognitive-behavioral therapy approaches have been effective in reducing self-criticism and consequently lead to an increase in self-esteem and self-confidence. However, before initiating therapy, one needs to assess and monitor the self-criticism via a log.| Explorable.com
As you now know, uncovering your negative thought patterns would help you combat the detrimental effects of self-criticism. After all, you can’t change something if you don’t understand what it is. What to Focus on In order to uncover your negative thought patterns, you already know that you need to keep a thought journal. However, it would be even more beneficial if you were to pay especially close attention to the following areas:| Explorable.com
Once you have begun recognizing self-critical thoughts, as you already know how to do, one of the most effective next steps you can take, is to write them down. Release Your Thoughts Writing down your self-critical comments, such as ‘I’m a loser’, will help decrease the intensity and frequency of the thought. Releasing our negative thoughts from the walls of our minds, can help relieve the pressure and alleviate some of the negative effects of self-criticism.| Explorable.com
There’s more to self-criticism than meets the eye. It is related to both our brain as well as body. There are several types of self-criticism and various ways of its manifestation.| explorable.com
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There is no standard format for writing acknowledgements, only that the format should match the rest of your research paper.| explorable.com
Scientific falsification is loosely defined as publishing or reporting misleading facts associated with a study, research or experimentation.| explorable.com
Research bias, also called experimenter bias, is a process where the scientists performing the research influence the results, in order to portray a certain outcome.| explorable.com