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This page lists organizations or individuals whose sponsorship directly contributes to making the Web work, for everyone.| W3C
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As part of our commitment and continued focus on diversity and inclusion, we report gender and geographic diversity of W3C's governance bodies.| W3C
REC-DOM-Level-1-19981001| www.w3.org
This specification specifies content conformance requirements for verifying the accessibility of EPUB® Publications. It also specifies accessibility metadata requirements for the discoverability of EPUB publications.| www.w3.org
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The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) develops standards and guidelines to help everyone build a web based on the principles of accessibility, internationalization, privacy and security.| W3C
F.6.1 Elliptical arc syntax| www.w3.org
Who are the TAG?| www.w3.org
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This specification defines a standard for representing and propagating a set of application-defined properties associated with a distributed request or workflow execution.| www.w3.org
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The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is an international community where Member organizations, a full-time staff, and the public work together to develop Web standards.| W3C
The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is an international community where Member organizations, a full-time staff, and the public work together to develop Web standards.| W3C
The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is an international community where Member organizations, a full-time staff, and the public work together to develop Web standards.| W3C
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Abstract| www.w3.org
W3C Patent Policy| www.w3.org
1 Introduction| www.w3.org
2.1.4. VideoConfiguration| www.w3.org
Variability in Specifications| www.w3.org
LinkA relationship between two resources when one resource (representation) refers to the other resource by means| www.w3.org
The web should be a platform that helps people and provides a positive social benefit. As we continue to evolve the web platform, we must therefore consider the consequences of our work. The following document sets out ethical principles that will drive W3C's continuing work in this direction.| www.w3.org
This specification defines standard HTTP headers and a value format to propagate context information that enables distributed tracing scenarios. The specification standardizes how context information is sent and modified between services. Context information uniquely identifies individual requests in a distributed system and also defines a means to add and propagate provider-specific context information.| www.w3.org
This specification defines common infrastructure that other specifications can use to interact with browser permissions. These permissions represent a user's choice to allow or deny access to "powerful features" of the platform. For developers, the specification standardizes an API to query the permission state of a powerful feature, and be notified if a permission to use a powerful feature changes state.| www.w3.org
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1. Purpose of this Document| www.w3.org
part of Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1| www.w3.org
W3C i18n tutorial: How to create pages for languages written in right-to-left scripts.| www.w3.org
Allows you to find articles, tutorials, tests, etc at the W3C Internationalization subsite using lists of tasks.| www.w3.org
What are some of the problems encountered when trying to write markup for bidirectional scripts?| www.w3.org
What does the Unicode Bidirectional (bidi) Algorithm do, basically?| www.w3.org
What does the Unicode Bidirectional (bidi) Algorithm do, basically?| www.w3.org
Provides background on the Unicode bidirectional algorithm and inline markup to help you implement Arabic, Hebrew and other right-to-left scripts in markup.| www.w3.org
Learn who W3C is, our values and the principles upon which we conduct our mission to led the web to its full potential.| W3C
The CSS saga| www.w3.org
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The Requirements for W3C Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 3.0 documentation is the next phase of development of the next major upgrade to accessibility guidelines. WCAG 3.0 will be the successor to the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2 series. The Silver Task Force of the Accessibility Guidelines Working Group and the W3C Silver Community group have partnered to incubate the needs, requirements, and structure for the new accessibility guidance. To date, the group has:| www.w3.org
Don't use "click here" as link text| www.w3.org
Home page of W3C's Web Internationalization --resources for increasing accessibility of the Web for worldwide audiences.| www.w3.org
CSS Exclusions Module Level 1| www.w3.org
Status of this Document| www.w3.org
Privacy is an essential part of the web. This document provides definitions for privacy and related concepts that are applicable worldwide as well as a set of privacy principles that should guide the development of the web as a trustworthy platform. People using the web would benefit from a stronger relationship between technology and policy, and this document is written to work with both.| www.w3.org
Relation of Process Document to Patent Policy and Other Policies| www.w3.org
The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is an international community where Member organizations, a full-time staff, and the public work together to develop Web standards.| W3C
OWL Web Ontology Language| www.w3.org
[1]Alvestrand, H., Tags for the Identification of Languages , RFC 1766, March 1995. [2]Anklesaria, F., McCahill, M., Lindner, P., Johnson, D., Torrey, D. and B. Alberti, The Internet Gopher Protocol (a distributed document search and retrieval protocol) , RFC 1436, March 1993. [3]Berners-Lee, T., Universal Resource Identifiers in WWW , RFC 1630, June 1994. [4]Berners-Lee, T., Masinter, L. and M. McCahill, Uniform Resource Locators (URL) , RFC 1738, December 1994. [5]Berners-Lee, T. and D....| www.w3.org
Abstract| www.w3.org
The web of things is built on the web of documents, which is built on the web of computers controlled by Domain Name owners, which itself is build on a set of interconnected cables. This is an architecture which provides a social backing to the names for things. It allows people to find out the social aspects of the things they are dealing with, such as provenance, trust, persistence, licensing and appropriate use as well as the raw data. It allows people to figure out what has gone wrong whe...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
(I guess this is one of these things which is perennial. I have not studied much of the history of philosophy but I do find one needs to be prepared to jump in in order to keep the course of what I otherwise regard as engineering still on track... as I have said before, this is philosophical engineering we are doing...) The point which David Booth has brought up, not for the first time, and which Pat has expounded very well, that no symbol can ever have completely unambiguous meaning is, yes,...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
This document attempts to be a high-level view of the architecture of the World Wide Web. It is not a definitive complete explanation, but it tries to enumerate the architectural decisions which have been made, show how they are related, and give references to more detailed material for those interested. Necessarily, from 50,000 feet, large things seem to get a small mention. It is architecture, then, in the sense of how things hopefully will fit together. I have resisted the urge, and reques...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
The operation of the World Wide Web, and its interoperability between platforms of differing hardware and software manufacturers, depend on the specifications of protocols such as HTTP, data formats such as HTML, and other syntaxes such as the URL or, more generally, URI specifications. Behind these specifications lie some important rules of behavior which determine the foundation of the properties of the Web. These are rules and principles upon which new designs of programs and the behavior ...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
The value of data is the insight which comes when different bits of data are joined together. For that process to provide value, the world must contain all sorts of kinds of information of different types, and it must be linked together. Linked data involves using ontologies. But if you are a developer, how do you pick those ontologies? The art is to use several different ontologies in the same document, the same message. In a typical application, part of which you need to express will be in ...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Beneficent Apps It is a sign of the times (2010's) that we even have to talk about these. Back in the days of floppy disk based PCs, when you would spend your money on a cool program (or App as we say now) you would spend money to be able to do useful, fun things. Play a game. Fly a plane. Write an essay. Do your taxes. You would typically have the program in the A: drive and put a disk for your data in the B: drive. The data on the B: drive was completely in your control. You could use it wi...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Blockchain and the Web There are so many frequently asked questions around Blockchain and the web, so this may be place to tease a few things out, specifically about the relationship between the technologies. What technical problem is there in the world in 2017 where someone has not asked "Will the blockchain solve that?". The response is then typically "Well, what do you mean by blockchain exactly?", as it really depends which aspect of which system you are talking about. Are you talking abo...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Conceptual Graphs and the Semantic Web To put it in a nutshell, Conceptual Graphs (CGs) are a logic language used for describing closed worlds of logic. They have traditionally had a strong emphasis on two-dimensional graphical representations, but there are conventional serializations, one "Linear Form" much comparable with N3, and one CG Interchange Format (CGIF) which is more official. With various pros and cons, they are basically as expressive as KIF -- and so in way only have to be webi...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Charlie works for Bob --- Bob was fed up with the AIs around him (Alexa, Siri and so on) who all seemed to work for other people, and so he got Charlie. Charlie is an AI and Charlie works for Bob. Because Charlie works for Bob, Bob gives Charlie access to much more data than he would another AI - Charlie, Who do your work, for? - I work for you, Bob Good Morning, Bob. Good to see you on the exercise bike. Your fitness goals are on track. In fact because the meeting was moved do you want to st...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
There is an architecture in which a few existing or Web protocols are gathered together with some glue to make a world wide system in which applications (desktop or Web Application) can work on top of a layer of commodity read-write storage. Crucial design issues are that principals (users) and groups are identifies by URIs, and so are global in scope, and that elements of storage are access controlled using those global identifiers. The result is that storage becomes a commodity, independent...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Connecting the Sciences with the Semantic Web Summary It interesting to use the Semantic Web for connecting the sciences because increasingly major problems can only be solved by using many fields at once; and because scientific information naturally tends to be "data", ie. relational, logical and/or numeric in form, and so Semantic Web technology is easy to apply. The need No scientific discipline is as island. The fields of study to which we give names have fuzzy edges, and overlap one anot...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Conversations and state See also: Paper Trail - presented as a a student project The basic model of the web is a world of information. Theoretically, a mapping between URIs and representations of the resources they identify, and experientially fro a person a space one can navigate. Interestingingly, trends at the leading edge of user interface development, and at the semantic web development both point to a world which uses a different model. Human interfaces are moving from screens to conver...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Cultures and boundaries When a group of people communicate amongst themselves, they develop, to a certain extent, their own language. Sometimes, they pick terms understood by one party, talk enough to develop a shared understanding of the meaning of the the term, and adopt it across the group. Sometimes, as discussion proceeds within the group, meanings are adjusted so that they can be used for new concepts which are created or discovered by the group's activity. Sometimes, a group will delib...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
General Computation, Digital Rights Management, and FOSS 2013: The discussion of the good and bad of Digital Rights Management software is wide and furious and has been for many years. It connects to the whole issue of how broken copyright law is and how musicians and film producers should be recompensed for their hard work. In the fervent discussion, very extreme positions have been taken, which has led to the debate becoming acrimonious, to the extent that much more heat than light tends to...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Abstract The problem of updating and synchronizing data in the Semantic Web motivates an analog to text diffs for RDF graphs. This paper discusses the problem of comparing two RDF graphs, generating a set of differences, and updating a graph from a set of differences. It discusses two forms of difference information, the context-sensitive weak patch, and the context-free strong patch. It gives a proposed update ontology for patch files for RDF, and discusses experience with proof of concept c...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
In the early days of the internet, there was an optimistic belief that technology could foster a wise and self-governing global community. However, as social networks emerged and became monopolistic, this ideal was undermined. The 2016 elections in the US and Brexit vote demonstrated how social media could polarize societies and disrupt democratic processes. Then, the Facebook-Cambridge Analytica scandal of 2018 exposed the manipulative power of targeted advertising, sparking further widespre...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Cleaning up the User Interface 2: Hypertext editing Tim BL 3 April 1998 If you think surfing hypertext is cool, that's because you haven't tried writing it. If you have found your bookmarks/favorites have become a more and more important part of your life, that's because you have learned to put up with the simplest form of hypertext editing there is as a compromise. If you are using a really intuitive hypertext editor, then tell me about it. Hypertext editing The Web is universal and so shoul...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Evolvability Introduction The World Wide Web Consortium was founded in 1994 on the mandate to lead the Evolution of the Web while maintaining its Interoperability as a universal space. "Interoperability" and "Evolvability" were two goals for all W3C technology, and whilst there was a good understanding of what the first meant, it was difficult to define the second in terms of technology. Since then W3C has had first hand experience of the tension beween these two goals, and has seen the proce...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Up to Design Issues Contents Extensible languages Introduction RequirementsGlossary Mixing vocabularies Scenario Local scope Lack of ambiguity Evolving new scheme languages Correctness of documents with multiple vocabularies Granularity Incorporation into the language Related resources| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Feeds --- Feeds of various sorts have been a feature since you could first subscribe to blogs using various forms of RSS. Let's call a feed a sequence of published things such that you can subscribe to, with in some cases a mechanism to inform you when the is more added to it. So a feed by itself is a one-way thing with no feedback. While blog feeds were the rage at one point, podcasts took over the limelight with the eponymous iPod, and now it seems people happy move in between, and sometime...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Filtering and Censorship Information is powerful stuff. The world has been enthralled by the power which the Web, the universe of accessible information, gives to people and to groups working and playing together. Information about information is powerful not just as information, but because it allows one to leverage one's use of information, to benefit from that which is relevant, accurate, stylish, unbiased, or timely, -- whatever one regards as being of "quality" -- without being enmir...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
In a world of linked data, in which anyone can say anything about anything, how do we build systems in which users and apps are easily allowed to express useful, helpful things? What tools can we use which allow new systems to grow easily and work well together? Ontology languages The RDF schema languages, RDF Schema and OWL, tell you implications one can draw from RDF Model data. They also tell you what things do not make logical sense. Therefore in a sense they indirectly have the function ...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
The Scale-free nature of the Web This article was originally entitled "The Fractal nature of the web". Since then, i have been assured that while many people seem to use fractal to refer to a Zipf (1/f) distribution, it should really only be used in spaces of finite dimension, like the two-dimensional planes of MandelBrot sets. The correct term for the Web, then, is scale-free. This isn't an observation so much as a requirement. I have discussed elsewhere how we must avoid the two opposite so...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
URI References: Fragment Identifiers on URIs The URI by itself is a powerful thing, but there is a more powerful concept which is the URI reference. The URI reference is a thing you build by taking a URI for an information object, adding a "#" sign and then a Fragement identifier. (The last term is historical, so try not to thinl of it necessarily identifying a fragment). The fragment identifier is a string after URI, after the hash, which identifies something specific as a function of the d...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
See also: A proposal for an HTML "Resource" element Historical web design note on formats HTTP overview by W3C Generic Resources A URI represents a resource A "resource" is a conceptual entity (a little like a Platonic ideal). When represented electronically, a resource may be of the kind which corresponds to only one posisble bit stream representation. An example is the text version of an Internet RFC. That never changes. It will always ha the same checksum. On the other hand, a resource may...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
There is a growing movement to understand, fix, and mitigate the problems of the web, and specifically of social media. Parents of children and youth worry about the potential harm to their offspring from engaging in democracy, and schools and wonder whether to just ban phones for kids. There are a lot of important and good things on the web - which in fact come from the vast majority of the web sites and apps. We need to recognize that, make sure we and our children make the best use of it, ...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Government data is being put online to increase accountability, contribute valuable information about the world, and to enable government, the country, and the world to function more efficiently. All of these purposes are served by putting the information on the Web as Linked Data. Start with the "low-hanging fruit". Whatever else, the raw data should be made available as soon as possible. Preferably, it should be put up as Linked Data. As a third priority, it should be linked to other source...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
A city has public places where I can do all kinds of things, and also a private house with a private room which may be by myself. In that house there are spaces where I do things with family, friends, colleagues. The web must like a well-designed building, provide a gradient of intimacy between the private and the public, so I can easily recognize the difference, easily know which I am in, and easily welcome people to come into the more intimate areas. Our Solid tools should respect these ide...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
HTML and XML W3C AC meeting, 2008-05-19 The goal of this document is to investigate the possibility, over time, of healing the rift between the HTML5 and XML technologies, to achieve interoperability between software and markup which are currently on two sides of the fork. The method is is to try to understand the motivations of the various positions, and address those at source, and not to use them to decide that a particular fork is "right". The content of this essay is accumulated from man...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
What do HTTP URIs Identify? Background Note This question has been addressed only vaguely in the specifications. However, the lack of very concise logical definition of such things had not been a problem, until the formal systems started to use them. There were no formal systems addressing this sort of issue (as far as I know, except for Dan Connolly's Larch work [@@]), until the Semantic Web introduced languages such as RDF which have well-defined logical properties and are used to describe ...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
What HTTP URIs Identify Abstract HTTP URIs, in the web architecture, have been used to denote documents -- "web pages" informally, or "information resources" more formally. However, with the growth of the Semantic Web, which uses URIs to denote anything at all, the urge to use and practice of using HTTP URIs for arbitrary things grew steadily. The W3C Technical Architecture group eventually decided to resolve the architectural problem that if an HTTP response code of 200 (a successful retriev...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Mapping between HTTP URLs and filenames on a server| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Icing on the cake| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Identifiers - what is identified? When XML is used to represent a directed laballed graph which is used to represent information about things, then one must be able to make statements about parts of an XML document, parts of the DLG (such as RDF nodes) and of course the objects described. In most cases it seems obvious to the human reader. The jam jar label text does not (normally) read "jam jar label text" or "jam jar label" or "jam jar" but "jam". Take the case of a statement about a person...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Inconsistent data What, many people ask, will happen when this huge mass of classical logic meets its first inconsistncy? Surely, once you have one staement that A and another somewhere on the web that not A, then doesn't the whole system fall apart? Surely, then you can deduce anything you want? This fear of course is quite valid - or would be if all assertions in the whole world were regarded as bing on equal footing. Some imagine that an RDF parser will simply search all XML documents on t...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Interpretation and Semantics on the Semantic Web We need some philosophy as a basis for the architecture of digital signature and the semantic web. The semantic web is a computer system, a distributed machine which should function so as to perform socially useful tasks. There will be various interfaces between the Semantic Web (SW) world and the social world of people, such as the physical delivery of goods, and the presentation of a document to a person for signature. However, in general wit...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Interpretation properties Abstract: Natural languages, encodings, and similar relationships between one abstract thing and another, are best modeled in RDF as properties. I call these Interpretation properties in that they express the relationship between one value and that value interpreted (or processed in the imagination) in a specific way. The problem of annotating natural language There has to date (2000/02) been a consistent muddle in the RDF community about how to represent the natural...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Links and Law Preface This personal note I have put into the set of web architectural notes as it expresses fundamental understandings upon which the practical use and power of the web rest. The questions addressed are about the relationship of the hypertext forms of linked and embedded material to the social concepts involved such as attribution, endorsement, and ownership of information. Links in hypertext are new in that they can be followed automatically, but the concepts of reference and...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Links and Law: Myths See Links and Law before reading this.| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
When applications are built by sharing access-controlled read-write linked data, it is useful for one application to be informed in real time when another changes the data. By adding real-time publish/subscribe (pub/sub) functionality to the architecture, the system can react in real time without having to poll. The Solid protocol includes a basic but effective form of this using WebSockets, where any app or part of an app which is using data from a given resource can listen for changes to th...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
The Semantic Web as a language of logic This looks at the Semantic Web design in the light a little reading on formal logic, of the Access Limited Logic system, in particular, and in the light of logical languages in general. A problem here is a that I am no logician, and so I am am having to step like a fascinated reporter into this world of which I do not possess intimate experience. Introduction The Semantic Web Toolbox discusses the step from the web as being a repository of flat data wit...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Building an RDF model: A quick look at iCalendar I spent a few hours reading 50 pages of the iCalendar RFC2445 with a view to evaluating proposals to put it into XML. My conclusion early on was that the spec should be written in terms of RDF properties, particularly as it has a clear property/value and parameter/value structure. Summary General points I noticed included The spec is full of x-extensions and IANA registries. these would all be done using namespaces in XML There is no summary of...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
Mandatory extensions There is a common requirement for the design of a language on the web that it should allow for extensions, but it must allow a clear declaration as to whether understanding of an extension is a requirement to understanding of the document or whether it may be ignored. (See Evolvability) Historically the lack of such a "mandatory field" has led to a complete inabaility to get any particular guaranteed behaviour be clients on the web. This is essential for partial understan...| Design Issues for the World Wide Web
