Work & Economy Why employers want workers with high EQs Illustration by Liz Zonarich/Harvard Staff Liz Mineo Harvard Staff Writer August 29, 2025 6 min read ‘Future of Jobs’ report highlights value of emotional intelligence A recent report on “The Future of Jobs” by the World Economic Forum found that while analytical thinking is still the most coveted skill among employers, several emotional intelligence skills (i.e., motivation, self-awareness, empathy, and active listening) rank ...| Harvard Gazette
Detail of “Wall Painting Fragment from the Villa at Boscotrecase,” 10 B.C.E.-1 B.C.E.Photos by Stephanie Mitchell/Harvard Staff Photographer Arts & Culture Viewing art like an expert Sy Boles Harvard Staff Writer August 29, 2025 long read Curators and conservators at the Harvard Art Museums zoom in on the tiny details that tell big stories about some of their favorite works Looking at art can be intimidating for the untrained. Is this piece impressionist or surrealist? What, exactly, make...| Harvard Gazette
Health Racing against antibiotic resistance Sy Boles Harvard Staff Writer August 27, 2025 long read Scientists fear funding cuts will slow momentum in ongoing battle with evolving bacteria A series exploring how research is rising to major challenges in health and society In 2023, more than 2.4 million cases of syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia were diagnosed in the U.S. Though that number is high, it’s actually an improvement, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention:...| Harvard Gazette
Health What makes us sleepy during the day? Research links by-products of steroid hormone to excessive daytime sleepiness Jacqueline Mitchell BIMDC Communications August 27, 2025 3 min read A new study sheds light on the biological underpinnings of excessive daytime sleepiness, a persistent and inappropriate urge to fall asleep during the day — during work, at meals, even mid-conversation — that interferes with daily functioning. The findings, published in The Lancet eMedicine, open the d...| Harvard Gazette
Science & Tech Solving evolutionary mystery of how humans came to walk upright Gayani Senevirathne (left) holds the shorter, wider human pelvis, which evolved from the longer upper hipbones of primates, which Terence Capellini is displaying. Niles Singer/Harvard Staff Photographer Kermit Pattison Harvard Staff Writer August 27, 2025 6 min read New study identifies genetic, developmental shifts that resculpted pelvis, setting ancestors apart from other primates The pelvis is often called the k...| Harvard Gazette
David Y. Yang.Niles Singer/Harvard Staff Photographer Nation & World When global trade is about more than money Economist’s new tool looks at how China is more effective than U.S. in exerting political power through import, export controls Christy DeSmith Harvard Staff Writer August 27, 2025 6 min read International trade can yield far more than imports and exports. According to David Y. Yang, Yvonne P. L. Lui Professor of Economics, trade can be used to wield political power. Yang watched ...| Harvard Gazette
Health Missing teens where they are Analysts highlight a school-sized gap in mental health screening Alvin Powell Harvard Staff Writer August 27, 2025 4 min read Hao Yu. Stephanie Mitchell/Harvard Staff Photographer As anxiety and depression persist at alarming rates among U.S. teens, less than a third of the nation’s public schools conduct mental health screenings, and a significant number of those that do say it’s hard to meet students’ needs, according to a new survey of principals. ...| Harvard Gazette
First-year students and their families criss-cross the Yard on move-in day.Stephanie Mitchell/Harvard Staff Photographer Campus & Community ‘We’re so happy to have you here’ Eileen O'Grady Harvard Staff Writer August 26, 2025 5 min read Yard brims with voices and motion, excitement and nerves, sweat and tears on move-in day Ryan Zhou was busy moving items into his Weld Hall dorm room on Tuesday with the help of his parents and his new suitemates, Kelvin Cheung and Ronan Pell, when there...| Harvard Gazette
Jonathan McHugh/Ikon Images Nation & World Global concerns rising about erosion of academic freedom New paper suggests threats are more widespread, less obvious than some might think Christina Pazzanese Harvard Staff Writer August 26, 2025 8 min read Political and social changes in the U.S. and other Western democracies in the 21st century have triggered growing concerns about possible erosion of academic freedom. In the past, colleges and universities largely decided whom to admit and hire, ...| Harvard Gazette
Will Burke on “Jimmy Kimmel Live!”Photos by Randy Holmes/ABC Arts & Culture Funny or failure? It’s a fine line. ‘Jimmy Kimmel Live!’ writer Will Burke on taking risks in comedy and why getting laughs is worth near-constant rejection Anna Lamb Harvard Staff Writer August 26, 2025 7 min read A series exploring how risk shapes our decisions. Imagine walking a tightrope. Your goal is to get to the other side without falling. Below you — certain death. Well, maybe not death. Maybe ther...| Harvard Gazette
Health Mediterranean diet offsets genetic risk for dementia, study finds Greatest benefit for those with highest predisposition to Alzheimer’s disease Mass General Brigham Communications August 25, 2025 4 min read New research suggests that following a Mediterranean-style diet may help offset a person’s genetic risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease. The study, published in Nature Medicine and led by investigators from Mass General Brigham, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, ...| Harvard Gazette
Science & Tech Seeding solutions for bipolar disorder Human brain organoid showing the integration of excitatory (magenta) and inhibitory neurons (green) of the cerebral cortex.Credit: Arlotta Lab Kermit Pattison Harvard Staff Writer August 25, 2025 9 min read Brain Science grants promote new approaches to treat the condition and discover underlying causes Paola Arlotta holds up a vial of clear fluid swirling with tiny orbs. When she shakes her wrist, the shapes flutter like the contents of a...| Harvard Gazette
Health Physicians embrace AI note-taking technology Ryan Jaslow Mass General Brigham Communications August 21, 2025 5 min read ‘There is literally no other intervention in our field that impacts burnout to this extent’ AI-driven scribes that record patient visits and draft clinical notes for physician review led to significant reductions in physician burnout and improvements in well-being, according to a Mass General Brigham study of two large healthcare systems. The findings, published...| Harvard Gazette
Getty Images Health How to reverse nation’s declining birth rate Health experts urge policies that buoy families: lower living costs, affordable childcare, help for older parents who want more kids Alvin Powell Harvard Staff Writer August 20, 2025 5 min read Financial-incentive programs for prospective parents don’t work as a way to reverse falling birth rates, Harvard health experts said on Tuesday about a policy option that has been in the news in recent months. Instead, they said, a mo...| Harvard Gazette
Health Dr. Robot will see you now? Pierre E. Dupont holds a transcatheter valve repair device with a motorized catheter drive system, replacing the traditional manual handle.Niles Singer/Harvard Staff Photographer Alvin Powell Harvard Staff Writer August 20, 2025 8 min read Medical robotics expert says coming autonomous devices will augment skills of clinicians (not replace them), extend reach of cutting-edge procedures The robot doctor will see you now? Not for the foreseeable future, anyway...| Harvard Gazette
Nation & World Setback in the fight against pediatric HIV Funding cut disrupts Botswana-based effort to help patients control illness without regular treatments Liz Mineo Harvard Staff Writer August 19, 2025 4 min read Roger Shapiro.Niles Singer/Harvard Staff Photographer For more than 20 years, Harvard infectious disease specialist Roger Shapiro has fought HIV on the ground in Botswana, where the rate of infection exceeded 30 percent in some areas of the country in the 1990s. Progress has be...| Harvard Gazette
Nation & World Why was Pacific Northwest home to so many serial killers? In ‘Murderland,’ alum explores lead-crime theory through lens of her own memories growing up there Jacob Sweet Harvard Staff Writer August 19, 2025 5 min read In Caroline Fraser’s 2025 book “Murderland,” the air is always thick with smog, and sinister beings lie around every corner. Fraser, Ph.D. ’87, in her first book since “Prairie Fires,” her Pulitzer Prize-winning biography of “Little House on the P...| Harvard Gazette
David Liu, Breakthrough Prize recipient, retraces path to an ‘incredibly exciting’ disease fighter: ‘This is the essence of basic science.’| Harvard Gazette
Arts & Culture Reading like it’s 1989 Illustration by Liz Zonarich/Harvard Staff Max Larkin Harvard Staff Writer August 15, 2025 7 min read Report on classroom literature shows staying power for ‘Gatsby,’ ‘Of Mice and Men,’ other classics. Time to move on? Look back 40 years and you’ll see a lot of seismic change. The rise of the Internet, the smartphone revolution, and now AI everywhere. The end of the Cold War and the dawn of many messier conflicts. The overturning of paradigms ...| Harvard Gazette
Photo by Jennifer S. Altman Nation & World Why Malcolm X matters even more 60 years after his killing New book by Mark Whitaker examines growth of artistic, political, cultural influence of controversial Civil Rights icon Christina Pazzanese Harvard Staff Writer August 15, 2025 8 min read Malcolm X was the provocative yet charismatic face of Black Nationalism and spokesman for the Nation of Islam before he was gunned down at an event in New York City on Feb. 21, 1965, after breaking with the ...| Harvard Gazette
Health Brain implants that don’t leave scars Axoft’s flexible brain implant. Axoft Inc. Kirsten Mabry Harvard Office of Technology Development August 14, 2025 6 min read Harvard startup is developing a softer device to monitor head injuries Traumatic brain injuries vary in severity from mild to life-threatening, but neurologists have limited tools to assess the damage. While examinations and external imaging can help, neural probes — devices that create brain-computer interfaces — ar...| Harvard Gazette
Work & Economy In touch with our emotions, finally Insights at intersection of gender, anger, and risk are just one example of shift in science of decision making Sy Boles Harvard Staff Writer August 13, 2025 5 min read Jennifer Lerner is the Thornton F. Bradshaw Professor of Public Policy, Decision Science, and Management at Harvard Kennedy School.Niles Singer/Harvard Staff Photographer A series exploring how risk shapes our decisions. Letting raw emotion drive financial decisions sounds lik...| Harvard Gazette
Tomer D. Ullman.Niles Singer/Harvard Staff Photographer Science & Tech Researchers uncover surprising limit on human imagination Humans can track a handful of objects visually, but their imaginations can only handle one Christy DeSmith Harvard Staff Writer August 13, 2025 4 min read Human beings can juggle up to 10 balls at once. But how many can they move through the air with their imaginations? The answer, published last month in Nature Communications, astonished even the researchers pursui...| Harvard Gazette
Health Keeping kids safe in extreme heat Experts outline threats to childhood development, school challenges, play-time risks Anna Lamb Harvard Staff Writer August 12, 2025 4 min read With heat waves becoming more intense and frequent across the U.S., experts gathered for a Harvard webinar on how to protect children’s health amid soaring temperatures. “Extreme heat is really one of the most dangerous but also one of the least recognized threats to healthy development,” said Lindsey Burg...| Harvard Gazette
Science & Tech Possible clue into movement disorders like Parkinson’s, others Kiah Hardcastle.Stephanie Mitchell/Harvard Staff Photographer Kermit Pattison Harvard Staff Writer August 11, 2025 4 min read Rodent study suggests different signaling ‘languages’ in parts of brain for learned skills, natural behaviors Among the many wonders of the brain is its ability to master movements through practice — a dance step, piano sonata, or tying our shoes. For decades, neuroscientists have k...| Harvard Gazette
Science & Tech ‘Turning information into something physical’ Photo illustration by Liz Zonarich/Harvard Staff Anna Lamb Harvard Staff Writer August 11, 2025 4 min read Houghton exhibit looks at how punched cards — invented 300 years ago to streamline weaving — led to modern computing The punched card, a paper instrument invented 300 years ago to automate looms, helped create a technology that most of us today can’t live without: computers. A new Houghton Library exhibition — “Th...| Harvard Gazette
Arts & Culture Carving a place in outer space for the humanities Jennifer L. Roberts.Stephanie Mitchell/Harvard Staff Photographer Eileen O’Grady Harvard Staff Writer August 11, 2025 6 min read Cosmos ‘is as weird and astonishing as any great work of art,’ argues Jennifer Roberts, and navigating it requires ‘a new kind of ethics’ Jennifer Roberts is an art historian whose work orbits an unexpected subject: outer space. Fascinated by images that are created as a way of understanding ...| Harvard Gazette
Veasey Conway/Harvard Staff Photographer Health ‘Hopeful message’ on brain disease Researcher Sanjula Singh has looked at stroke, dementia, late-life depression for years, finds lifestyle changes make big difference Jacob Sweet Harvard Staff Writer August 11, 2025 7 min read Part of the Profiles of Progress series Sanjula Singh wants people to know that stroke, dementia, and depression are much more preventable than they might think. “The most common misconception that a lot of people h...| Harvard Gazette
Christina Warinner.Stephanie Mitchell/Harvard Staff Photographer Campus & Community Funding cuts upend projects piecing together saga of human history Ancient DNA expert Christina Warinner notes losses come just as innovations are driving major advances in field Christy DeSmith Harvard Staff Writer August 8, 2025 6 min read In February, Christina Warinner, M.A ’08, Ph.D. ’10, was accepting an award from the American Association for the Advancement of Science when she learned that one of ...| Harvard Gazette
Health A setback to research that offered hope for fibrous dysplasia patients Halt to federal funding disrupts study of rare skeletal disease Heather Denny HSDM Communications August 7, 2025 3 min read In 2023, the Harvard School of Dental Medicine was awarded a U.S. Department of Defense grant to fund a four-year study of fibrous dysplasia (FD), a severe skeletal disease in which benign tumors cause bone deformities, fractures, and pain. The award aimed to investigate the cellular and molecu...| Harvard Gazette
Health Could lithium explain — and treat — Alzheimer’s? In a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease, lithium deficiency (right) dramatically increased amyloid beta deposits in the brain compared with mice that had normal physiological levels of lithium (left). Bottom row: The same was true for the Alzheimer’s neurofibrillary tangle protein tau.Yankner Lab Stephanie Dutchen HMS Communications August 6, 2025 9 min read Study offers new theory of disease and strategy for fighting it What i...| Harvard Gazette
Jamie Fogel.Niles Singer/Harvard Staff Photographer Work & Economy What your credit score says about how, where you were raised Study looks at national disparities, finds bill-paying habits emerge by early adulthood, influence upward mobility Christy DeSmith Harvard Staff Writer August 6, 2025 6 min read A person’s credit report tells a story about their childhood. New research, released last month by Harvard’s Opportunity Insights, shows that a strong predictor of an adult’s bill-payin...| Harvard Gazette
Nation & World Foundation for U.S. breakthroughs feels shakier to researchers Max Larkin Harvard Staff Writer August 6, 2025 6 min read Funding cuts seen as threat to nation’s status as driver of scientific progress With each dollar of its grants, the National Institutes of Health — the world’s largest funder of biomedical research — generates, on average, $2.56 worth of economic activity across all 50 states. The awards yield new drugs, like the naloxone spray used to prevent opioid ...| Harvard Gazette
A new study suggests that infant-directed song evolved as a way for parents to signal to children that their needs were being met, while leaving time for other tasks, like food foraging or caring for other offspring.| Harvard Gazette
Though it has been embraced by everyone from advocates for arts education to parents hoping to encourage their kids to stick with piano lessons, two new studies conducted by Harvard researchers show no effect of music training on the cognitive abilities of young children.| Harvard Gazette
Campus & Community Slavery researchers seek more detailed picture of pre-Civil War Harvard Gabriel Raeburn and Christine Bachman-Sanders review documents.Photo courtesy of Claire Vail at American Ancestors Jacob Sweet Harvard Staff Writer August 5, 2025 9 min read Careful effort to identify leaders, faculty, and staff is key to descendants probe: ‘This work takes time to do well’ In their efforts to trace the descendants of enslaved people connected to Harvard, researchers with American A...| Harvard Gazette
Antonella Zanobetti.Veasey Conway/Harvard Staff Photographer Health Is dirty air driving up dementia rates? Federal funding cuts halt 3 studies exploring how pollution and heat affect the brain and heart Liz Mineo Harvard Staff Writer August 4, 2025 4 min read Antonella Zanobetti was conducting groundbreaking research to examine links between exposure to environmental factors, such as pollution and heat, and deadly neurological and cardiovascular diseases. But three of her studies came to a h...| Harvard Gazette
Nation & World ‘By mid-March, corpses littered the street like newspapers’ August 4, 2025 long read Young Ukrainian mother and her toddler left to fend for themselves after husband joins soldiers defending Mariupol Excerpted from “By the Second Spring: Seven Lives and One Year of the War in Ukraine” by Danielle Leavitt, Ph.D. ’23. By the end of February, Leonid had begun taking food and supplies to the Ukrainian soldiers at the front lines of Mariupol’s defense. He talked about th...| Harvard Gazette
Campus & Community Harvard aligns resources for combating bias, harassment Peggy Newell (left) and Nicole Merhill.Harvard file photos Nicole Rura Harvard Correspondent August 4, 2025 8 min read Office for Community Support, Non-Discrimination, Rights and Responsibilities targets discrimination, bullying, sexual harassment, and other misconduct Harvard on Monday announced the establishment of the new Office for Community Support, Non-Discrimination, Rights and Responsibilities (CSNDR), a move ...| Harvard Gazette
Campus & Community Harvard appoints Rabbi Getzel Davis as inaugural director of interfaith engagement Rabbi Getzel Davis.Niles Singer/Harvard Staff Photographer Jacob Sweet Harvard Staff Writer July 30, 2025 7 min read Presidential initiative will promote religious literacy and dialogue across faith and non-faith traditions Among Harvard’s chaplaincy, Rabbi Getzel Davis has long been known as a bridge builder. From his internship at Harvard Hillel in 2012 to his service as a member of the e...| Harvard Gazette
Ivy Pochoda.Photo by Darran Tiernan Arts & Culture From tragedy to ‘Ecstasy’ Ivy Pochoda’s feminist retelling of ‘The Bacchae’ examines freedom from inhibition with Electronic Dance Music beat Anna Lamb Harvard Staff Writer July 30, 2025 5 min read King Pentheus of Thebes and his mother, Agave, become the target of the god Dionysus’ wrath for rejecting his sybaritic cult in the ancient Greek tragedy “The Bacchae.” In “Ecstasy,” Ivy Pochoda’s new feminist retelling, Diony...| Harvard Gazette
Health Getting to the root of teen distracted driving Anna Lamb Harvard Staff Writer July 29, 2025 3 min read 7 in 10 young people use cellphones while behind the wheel, finds a new study that also takes a look at why Every year, hundreds of people die in automobile accidents involving distracted teen drivers. A new study zeroes in on one of the most common forms of distraction, cellphone use, exploring how often young people engage in the risky behavior and why. A team of public health resea...| Harvard Gazette
Campus & Community A popular TV show, cathartic commute, and dance that requires teamwork Photo illustration by Liz Zonarich/Harvard Staff July 29, 2025 3 min read Education lecturer finds leadership lessons in unlikely places Part of the Favorite Things series Recommendations from Harvard faculty Uche Amaechi is the chair of the Leading Change Foundations and a lecturer on leadership at the Graduate School of Education. TV show “Severance” on Apple TV+ “Severance” is a great story an...| Harvard Gazette
Campus & Community 2 new initiatives strengthen Harvard’s academic engagement with Israel Stephanie Mitchell/Harvard Staff Photographer July 28, 2025 6 min read Opportunities for undergraduate study abroad and research exchange in biomedicine Harvard has launched two new initiatives that promise to bolster the University’s academic engagement with Israeli institutions and create greater opportunities for students and researchers. A collaboration announced this week with Ben-Gurion Univers...| Harvard Gazette
Here are five students doing summer research with faculty in topics from heat mortality to epigenetics, Legionnaires’ disease to anorexia.| Harvard Gazette
Nadine Gaab.Harvard file photo Science & Tech How do math, reading skills overlap? Researchers were closing in on answers. Grant terminated at critical point of ambitious study following students for five years Liz Mineo Harvard Staff Writer July 23, 2025 6 min read For cognitive neuroscientist Nadine Gaab, the termination of a five-year grant one year before it was scheduled to end couldn’t have come at a worse moment. As part of a study aimed at understanding the co-development of math an...| Harvard Gazette
Science & Tech AI leaps from math dunce to whiz Sy Boles Harvard Staff Writer July 23, 2025 7 min read Experts describe how rapid advances are transforming field and classroom and expanding idea of what’s possible — ‘sky’s the limit’ When Michael Brenner taught the graduate-level class “Applied Mathematics 201” in fall 2023, the course’s nonlinear partial differential equations were too tough for artificial intelligence. AI managed to solve just 30 to 50 percent of the problem...| Harvard Gazette
Yutthana Gaetgeaw/Getty Images Science & Tech Taking a second look at executive function New study suggests what has long been considered innate aspect of human cognition may be more a matter of schooling Clea Simon Harvard Correspondent July 23, 2025 4 min read Executive function — top-down processes by which the human mind controls behavior, regulating thoughts and actions — have long been studied using a standard set of tools, with these assessments being included in national and inter...| Harvard Gazette
The Peromyscus maniculatus lives in densely vegetated prairies. Dawn Marsh/Creative Commons Science & Tech You’re a deer mouse, and bird is diving at you. What to do? Depends. Neural study shows how evolution prepared two species to adopt different survival strategies to take advantage of native habitats Kermit Pattison Harvard Staff Writer July 23, 2025 6 min read For a mouse, survival in the wild often boils down to one urgent question: flee or freeze? The best strategy depends on which m...| Harvard Gazette
Juan Pérez-Mercader, a senior research fellow in the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences.Photos by Grace DuVal Science & Tech A step toward solving central mystery of life on Earth Experiment with synthetic self-assembling materials suggests how it all might have begun Kermit Pattison Harvard Staff Writer July 22, 2025 6 min read It is the ultimate mystery of biology: How did life begin? A team of Harvard scientists has brought us closer to an answer by creating artificial cell-like...| Harvard Gazette
In her Commencement address, Liberian President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf says her Harvard graduate studies put her on the path to the success. She urged degree recipients to be fearless and to embrace their failures as they forge their paths in life.| Harvard Gazette
Study finds Twitter surge starting in 2017, most of it Democratic-leaning by surprising range of firms, with negative effects on stock price.| Harvard Gazette
Researchers at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health have been studying the role of a healthy diet in living longer and healthier.| Harvard Gazette
New research is following clues that the protein implicated in Alzheimer’s disease is actually an infection fighter, and that the brain plaques that lead to Alzheimer’s-related dementia are, in many cases, a response to infection.| Harvard Gazette
Researchers at the Institute for Aging Research, which operates within Hebrew Senior Life, the only senior health care and housing organization affiliated with Harvard Medical School, have studied how to prevent falls, a leading cause of preventable death among older adults.| Harvard Gazette
Scientists studying stem cell and regenerative biology are probing the secrets of aging, examining both whether decline is inevitable and how to fight the diseases that multiply with time.| Harvard Gazette
A study led by Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital physician Reisa Sperling is investigating whether early intervention can be effective against Alzheimer’s disease, as it is against heart disease, cancer and other ailments.| Harvard Gazette
A new Harvard study suggests that although the congenitally blind experience abstract visual phenomena such as rainbows and color differently, they still share with the sighted a common understanding of them.| Harvard Gazette
Using a machine-learning algorithm, researchers were able to “train” a computer to recognize the neural patterns associated with various scents, and identify whether specific odors were present in a mix of smells.| Harvard Gazette
Harvard Professor David Edwards and a former engineering student, Rachel Field, added another sense to digital communications, sending a smell across the Atlantic, where a scent generator called an oPhone reproduced it.| Harvard Gazette
Harvard scientists say they’re closer to unraveling one of the most basic questions in neuroscience — how the brain encodes likes and dislikes — with the discovery of the first receptors in any species evolved to detect cadaverine and putrescine, two of the chemical byproducts responsible for the distinctive — and to most creatures repulsive — smell of rotting flesh.| Harvard Gazette
Harvard neurobiologists have created mice that can “smell” light, providing a new tool that could help researchers better understand complex perception systems that do not lend themselves to easy study with traditional methods.| Harvard Gazette
As experts worry the COVID pandemic is triggering a loneliness epidemic, new Harvard research suggests some of the hardest hit are older teens and young adults.| Harvard Gazette
A new Harvard study suggests that people around the globe can identify lullabies, dancing songs, and healing songs — regardless of the songs’ cultural origin — after hearing just a 14-second clip.| Harvard Gazette
Could up the game of lossless power transmission, levitating trains, quantum computing, even energy-efficient detectors for space exploration.| Harvard Gazette
Book bans targeting LGBTQ content reached record level highs in 2022. Transgender activists and experts on gender and identity share their thoughts on what’s happening both politically and socially to drive this change.| Harvard Gazette
Model uses features of a tumor’s microenvironment to forecast how a patient might respond to therapy, inform individualized treatments.| Harvard Gazette
