Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a painful condition that most often affects the hand, although the arms, legs, and feet can also be affected. CRPS is characterized by intense burning pain, stiffness, swelling and discoloration in the affected limb. Symptoms typically develop after an injury or surgery.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
Hip arthroscopy is a surgical procedure that allows doctors to view the hip joint without making a large incision (cut) through the skin and other soft tissues. Arthroscopy is used to diagnose and treat a wide range of hip problems.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
Ulnar tunnel syndrome occurs when of the main nerves to the hand is compressed at the wrist. The condition causes numbness and tingling in the little finger and along the outside of the ring finger. It can also make it hard for you to pinch and grip things.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
Thoracic outlet syndrome is a term used for several different conditions that can occur when nerves and/or blood vessels in the thoracic outlet are compressed or irritated.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
Sometimes called "wear-and-tear" arthritis, osteoarthritis is a common condition that many people develop during middle age or older. It can occur in any joint in the body, but most often develops in weight-bearing joints, such as the hip.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a neck condition that occurs when the spinal cord becomes compressed—or squeezed—due to the wear-and-tear changes that occur in the spine as we age. The condition commonly occurs in patients over the age of 50.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
Cervical radiculopathy, commonly called a "pinched nerve" occurs when a nerve in the neck is compressed or irritated where it branches away from the spinal cord. This may cause pain that radiates into the shoulder, as well as numbness that travels down the arm and into the hand.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
A SLAP tear is an injury to the labrum of the shoulder, which is the ring of cartilage that surrounds the socket of the shoulder joint. Injuries to the superior labrum can be caused by acute trauma or by repetitive shoulder motion.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
The hallmark sign of frozen shoulder, also known as "adhesive capsulitis," is the inability to move your shoulder—either on your own or with the help of someone else. The condition develops in three stages.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
Osgood-Schlatter disease is a common cause of knee pain in growing adolescents. It is an inflammation of the area just below the knee where the tendon from the kneecap (patellar tendon) attaches to the shinbone (tibia).| orthoinfo.aaos.org
When athletes throw repeatedly at high speed, the repetitive stresses can lead to a wide range of overuse injuries. The ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) is the most commonly injured ligament in throwers.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
A stress fracture is a small crack in a bone. Most stress fractures are caused by overuse and repetitive activity, and are common in runners and athletes. This article describes the causes and symptoms of stress fractures and includes tips for preventing them.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
In shoulder replacement surgery, the damaged parts of the shoulder are removed and replaced with artificial components, called a prosthesis. The specific type of shoulder replacement performed will depend on the cause and extent of your shoulder damage.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
The shoulder blade (scapula) is a triangular-shaped bone that is protected by a complex system of surrounding muscles. Scapula fractures represent less than 1% of all broken bones and many of them can be treated without surgery.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
Injuries to the SC joint typically result from motor vehicle collisions or participation in collision sports like football. While these injuries can be painful, most are relatively minor and will heal well without surgery.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
Tears of the biceps tendon at the elbow are uncommon. They are most often caused by a sudden injury and tend to result in significant arm weakness. To return arm strength to near normal levels, surgery to repair the torn tendon is usually recommended.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
Osteoarthritis, also known as "wear and tear" arthritis, occurs when the cartilage that cushions and protects the ends of your bones gradually wears away. This leads to pain and stiffness that worsens over time, making it difficult to do daily activities.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
Cervical spondylosis, commonly called arthritis of the neck, is the medical term for the wear-and-tear changes that occur in the cervical spine (neck) over time. The condition is common—but many people with cervical spondylosis experience no noticeable symptoms| orthoinfo.aaos.org
During shoulder arthroscopy, your surgeon inserts a small camera, called an arthroscope, into your shoulder joint. The camera displays pictures on a video monitor, and your surgeon uses these images to guide miniature surgical instruments.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
Active teenagers or young adults who participate in sports sometimes experience pain in the front of the knee, usually underneath the kneecap. This type of pain is not usually caused by a physical abnormality in the knee, but by overuse or inadequate stretching.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
When people begin a new exercise program, they often push their bodies too far and put themselves at risk for injury. The common notion that exercise must be really hard or painful to be beneficial is simply wrong. Moderation is the key to safe exercise.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
During knee arthroscopy, your surgeon inserts a small camera, called an arthroscope, into your knee joint. The camera displays pictures on a video monitor, and your surgeon uses these images to guide miniature surgical instruments.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
This article discusses the 9 most common causes of crackling, popping, creaking, and other symptoms in the knees — including when you should see a doctor to have them checked out.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
In a shoulder dislocation, the head of the upper arm bone (humerus) may come either partially or completely out of the socket. To treat a dislocation, your doctor will place the ball of your upper arm bone back into the shoulder socket, a procedure called a "reduction."| orthoinfo.aaos.org
Shoulder instability occurs when the head of the upper arm bone is forced out of the shoulder socket. Once a shoulder has dislocated, it is vulnerable to repeat episodes. When the shoulder slips out of place repeatedly, it is called chronic shoulder instability.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
Your biceps tendons attach the biceps muscle to bones in your shoulder and in your elbow. If you tear your biceps tendon at the shoulder, you may lose some strength in your arm and have pain when you forcefully turn your arm from palm down to palm up.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
An ankle sprain occurs when the strong ligaments that support the ankle stretch beyond their limits and tear. A sprain can range from mild to severe, depending upon how much damage there is to the ligaments.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
In unicompartmental knee replacement (also called partial knee replacement) only a portion of the knee is resurfaced with metal and plastic components. This procedure is an alternative to total knee replacement for patients whose disease is limited to just one area of the knee.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease that attacks multiple joints throughout the body. Although there is no cure for rheumatoid arthritis, there are a number of treatments that can help relieve joint pain and improve functioning.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
Tennis elbow, or lateral epicondylitis, is a condition in which the forearm muscles become damaged from overuse. The condition is common in athletes and in people with jobs that require vigorous use of the forearm muscles, such as painters.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
Your arm is kept in your shoulder socket by your rotator cuff. The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles that come together as tendons to form a covering around the shoulder. When one of these tendons is torn, it may be painful to lift or rotate your arm.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a broad term used to describe pain in the front of the knee and around the patella, or kneecap. It is sometimes called "runner's knee" or "jumper's knee" because it is common in people who participate in sports.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
There are more than 100 different types of arthritis and the major types that affect the knee are osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and posttraumatic arthritis. There is no cure for arthritis, but there are many treatment options to help relieve pain and stay active.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
Achilles tendinitis is a common condition that causes pain along the back of the leg near the heel. The Achilles tendon is the largest tendon in the body. It connects your calf muscles to your heel bone and is used when you walk, run, and jump.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
Meniscus tears are among the most common knee injuries. Athletes, particularly those who play contact sports, are at risk for meniscus tears. However, anyone at any age can tear a meniscus. When people talk about torn cartilage in the knee, they are usually referring to a torn meniscus.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common condition that causes pain, numbness, and tingling in the hand and arm. It occurs when one of the major nerves to the hand—the median nerve—is squeezed or compressed as it travels through the wrist.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
If simple treatments like medications and using walking supports no longer relieve knee arthritis symptoms, you may want to consider surgery. Knee replacement surgery is an effective procedure to relieve pain, correct leg deformity, and help you resume everyday activities.| orthoinfo.aaos.org
If your hip has been damaged by arthritis, a fracture, or other conditions, common activities such as walking or getting in and out of a chair may be painful and difficult. Total hip replacement is an effective procedure that can help you get back to enjoying everyday activities.| orthoinfo.aaos.org