This one won’t be a favorite of animal lovers, but it illustrates an important aspect of human life. In an experiment, a dog was placed in a cage with metal grating as the floor and a divider to make two sides. The first part involved turning on an electric current on both sides of the cage. The dog would jump from one side to the other attempting to avoid the shock. It eventually stopped jumping and lay down, as it realized there was nothing it could do to escape the shock. After the shock...