Push-pull systems for sustainable pest management combine repellent stimuli from intercrops (‘push’) and attractive stimuli from border plants (‘pull’) to repel herbivorous insects from a main crop and attract the herbivores’ natural enemies. The most widespread implementation, intercropping the legume Desmodium with maize surrounded by border grass, reduces damage from the invasive fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda. While initial research indicated that Desmodium volatiles ...
