Doping is when we add impurities to the extremely pure silicon. This changes the electrochemical properties of the silicon. Silicon is in group 4 of the periodic table. Like Carbon it makes nice solid bonds in 4 directions. By adding elements from the 3rd or 5th columns we can add extra electrons or extra positive charges (holes where there are no electrons). Image source The elements we typically use are Boron for p-type (positive holes) doping and Phosphorus or Arsenic for n-type (extra ele...
