Caster Semenya was wronged, and Switzerland – due to the inaction of the Swiss Federal Supreme Court (SFSC) – was held responsible by the Grand Chamber (GC) of the ECtHR. This conclusion to a long judicial marathon is an important vindication for an athlete who saw her career destroyed by a process that violated her right to a fair hearing. The case will be remembered as a significant landmark that will affect the field of transnational sports law and governance for years to come.| Verfassungsblog
The Grand Chamber ruled that Caster Semenya did not benefit from a fair hearing contrary to Article 6(1) European Convention on Human Rights. However, it did not extend Switzerland’s jurisdiction to her substantive complaints under Article 8 ECHR, taken alone or in conjunction with Article 14 ECHR, which go to the heart of her case. Although the GC was up against it in the current stormy political landscape of sex and gender, it could have gone further to protect fundamental rights.| Verfassungsblog
The DSA has been in force for over a year now. Hardly any other piece of European legislation has recently provoked so many heated debates, is raising so many fundamental questions and has been adopted so quickly. A key mechanism of the DSA is the principle of supervised self-regulation. In light of current geopolitical shifts and the rapid politicization of major online platforms, the DSA operates in a significantly different context – one the European legislator did not fully anticipate. ...| Verfassungsblog
On July 3, 2025, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR) published its long-awaited Advisory Opinion 32/25 (AO-32/25). The Opinion responds to a 2023 request from Colombia and Chile, asking the IACtHR to clarify the scope of States’ obligations to address the climate emergency under international human rights law. While the decision marks a significant step toward recognizing the climate crisis as a human rights issue, this blog post aims to shed light on a critical omission in th...| Verfassungsblog
In Zeiten globaler Verwerfungen und verstärktem Misstrauen gegenüber der Demokratie, in denen die demokratische Zivilgesellschaft so wichtig wie nie ist, erkennen wir einen konfrontativen Unterton in der Kleinen Anfrage und deuten dies als ein alarmierendes Signal. Wir richten diesen Brief deshalb an Sie im Vertrauen auf den grundlegenden Konsens, mittels des Dialogs der Eskalation entgegenzuwirken und vielmehr die Kooperation aller demokratischen Kräfte in unserem Land gegen die weitere P...| Verfassungsblog
It appears that whenever expert civil society organizations release a legal analysis of draft laws that restrict fundamental rights and freedoms, authoritarian governments learn from their mistakes and avoid them in the next round. One could witness such a situation when the Foreign Agents Registration Bill was introduced in the Slovak parliament last spring, and the public watchdog and advocacy organization VIA IURIS tried to stand against this legislation. In one year, the Slovak parliament...| Verfassungsblog
Hungary appears to be assuming the role of a Trojan horse in the European Union, advancing the interests of foreign powers. Of particular concern is Hungary’s conduct in the field of the Common Foreign and Security Policy, especially in light of its obstruction of EU sanctions against Russia. Thus far, the EU’s conventional instruments have proven insufficient in curbing Hungary’s veto strategy. For this reason, I propose a path that is both legally feasible and politically realistic: a...| Verfassungsblog
Mit den jüngsten Beschlüssen des SPD-Bundesparteitags zur Vorbereitung eines AfD-Parteiverbotsverfahrens hat die Debatte erneut an Dynamik gewonnen. Dabei rückt auch die Frage in den Fokus, was mit den Mandaten der AfD-Abgeordneten im Europäischen Parlament, im Bundestag und in den Landtagen im Falle eines Parteiverbots geschehen würde. Was nach deutschem Recht eindeutig scheint, wirft im Lichte des Völkerrechts und insbesondere der Rechtsprechung des Europäischen Gerichtshofs für Men...| Verfassungsblog
Da Innenminister Dobrindt trotz der Entscheidung des VG Berlin weiter Zurückweisungen an den deutschen Binnengrenzen durchführen lässt, könnte nunmehr ein Institut des Dienstrechts relevant werden, das lange ein „Schattendasein“ fristete: die Remonstration. Dabei geht es hier insbesondere um die Frage, ob Bundespolizist:innen verpflichtet sind, hinsichtlich der Zurückweisungen zu remonstrieren (§ 63 Abs. 2 S. 1 BBG). Die Rechtsprechung von BVerfG und BGH spricht indes eher gegen die...| Verfassungsblog
Resolving some legal issues requires drawing a line through a gray area. Others can be resolved without having to draw a line, in recognition of an old insight: that there is a dawn and a dusk does not mean there is no noon or no midnight. Whether the President had power under the Constitution to attack Iran without congressional approval is an issue that falls in the latter category, within the Constitution’s midnight: wherever a line might be drawn in harder cases, this is not one of them.| Verfassungsblog
On 2 May 2025, the Pan African Lawyers Union – in collaboration with the African Climate Platform, the Environmental Lawyers Collective for Africa, Natural Justice, and resilient40 – submitted a request to the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights for an advisory opinion on States’ obligations in relation to climate change. As the climate crisis intensifies across the continent, exacerbating inequality, displacing communities, and threatening ecological systems, the need for prin...| Verfassungsblog
The forced resignation of James Ryan from the presidency of the University of Virginia by pressure from a politically motivated U.S. Department of Justice, abetted by his opponents within the school, deals a dangerous blow to institutional academic freedom both at UVA and at every public university. Of course, universities must abide by federal civil rights laws as interpreted by courts. But Ryan’s antagonists pursue a radical reorientation of higher education away from most forms of increa...| Verfassungsblog
On March 19, 2025, police arrested Istanbul Mayor Ekrem İmamoğlu on corruption and terrorism charges. Four days later, on March 23, a judge ordered him to prison pending trial. İmamoğlu is not only the mayor of Istanbul, a position he has held by repeatedly defeating Erdoğan-backed candidates, but also widely regarded as the opposition’s most prominent and promising candidate to challenge Erdoğan in a presidential election. That is why the lawfare waged against him, culminating in his...| Verfassungsblog
The European Commission’s Joint White Paper on European Defence, together with the ReArm Europe Plan; now “quietly rebranded” as “Readiness 2030”, signals a transformative moment in the European Union’s approach to security. Nevertheless, this strategic shift remains limited to short-term measures, as more permanent frameworks are constrained by lack of political will and institutional obstacles. If not addressed, this will perpetuate a short-term vision that is not capable of add...| Verfassungsblog
Nach monatelanger Debatte wurde gestern das Verwaltungsabkommen zur Einrichtung einer „Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit NS-Raubgut“ endlich unterzeichnet. Dieser Beitrag beleuchtet die materiellen Maßstäbe des Schiedsgerichts. Entgegen gängiger Kritik stellen diese Maßstäbe die Antragsberechtigten überwiegend nicht schlechter und entsprechen auch den „gerechten und fairen Lösungen“, wie sie die internationalen „Washingtoner Prinzipien“ fordern.| Verfassungsblog
Im Januar 2025 versuchte die CDU/CSU-Fraktion mit Stimmen der AfD, FDP und BSW, ihr sogenanntes „Zustrombegrenzungsgesetz“ zu beschließen. Der Gesetzentwurf sah unter anderem vor, den Familiennachzug zu subsidiär Schutzberechtigten vollständig und unbefristet auszusetzen. Zwar scheiterte das Vorhaben, doch nun planen CDU/CSU und SPD laut Sondierungspapier den Familiennachzug zu subsidiär Schutzberechtigten befristet auszusetzen. Wer eine erneute Aussetzung als rechtlich haltbare und p...| Verfassungsblog
The sale of Union citizenship, which is at the heart of the case against Malta currently pending before the ECJ, has been the subject of feverish writing. With the Court’s judgment nearing, this short blogpost will, however, not opine on what the judgment should be. Instead, it considers the potential effects of a judgment that endorses the (ill-conceived) Opinion of AG Collins that Malta’s nationality by investment scheme does not conflict with EU law.| Verfassungsblog
Im Februar verglich Markus Söder die bayrische Grenzpolizei mit der „Nachtwache“ aus Game of Thrones. Doch lauern jenseits der Grenzen des Freistaats keine Armeen Untoter, sondern österreichische Pendler:innen, sonstige Unionsbürger:innen und ja, auch einige schutzsuchende Menschen. An den fast vergessenen unionsrechtlichen Kontext hat der BayVGH nun in einem bemerkenswerten Urteil erinnert, indem er eine Personenkontrolle der Bundespolizei an der deutsch-österreichischen Grenze als u...| Verfassungsblog
The arrest and transfer of Rodrigo Duterte to the ICC was certainly good news for the heavily beleaguered Court. But the price of getting Duterte could be considerable. The manifest entanglement with Philippine politics is likely to harden Southeast Asian skepticism towards international criminal justice. Existing fears of external politicization are enhanced with a scenario of internal political turmoil, reinforcing Southeast Asian hesitation toward the ICC.| Verfassungsblog
President Donald Trump’s recent speech to the Department of Justice was meant as a declaration of war against lawyers. His words made clear that the most effective way to consolidate autocracy is by systematically dismantling the independent centers of power that support a healthy democracy, including the independent public prosecutor. As the Executive Orders targeting law firms underscore: the entire legal profession is next. This is no coincidence.| Verfassungsblog
Albania’s Vetting Commission recently concluded its mandate, marking a pivotal moment in the country’s judicial reform effort. Since 2016, Albania has enacted significant constitutional amendments aimed at comprehensive reforms. The results of these reforms are now obvious, with notable improvements in the judiciary’s anti-corruption efforts. However, the process itself and some interim decisions have had a detrimental effect on the efficiency of the judicial system, that is now threate...| Verfassungsblog
As the EU steps up its efforts to fund the defence of Europe, Hungary sticks to its policy of undermining those efforts whenever it can. Given that a Member State cannot be expelled from the EU, the Member States should simultaneously withdraw from the EU Treaties under Article 50 TEU and concurrently sign up to new EU Treaties without Hungary. Only this way could the EU effectively stand up to Russia, introduce important Treaty changes, and finally overcome tolerating Putin’s allies withi...| Verfassungsblog
Crisis rhetoric has become pervasive in the United States and Israel, although much of it is a hyperbolic response to the polarization currently dominating these nations’ politics. What seems clearer to us is that a process is underway in both countries that may very well culminate in a constitutional revolution. Such a development might or might not be deemed crisis-worthy, but it would mean that something profoundly significant had changed in the way the business of governing is conducted...| Verfassungsblog
Advocate General Tamara Ćapeta recently concluded that Denmark’s so-called Ghetto Law constitutes direct discrimination based on ethnic origin and hence a violation of the Race Equality Directive. This blog highlights the harmful role of the integration narrative underlying the law and other coercive measures addressed towards “non-Western” Danes and non-Danes and the broader implications of the present case for challenging stereotypes embedded in integration policies and practices.| Verfassungsblog
In a case that has received global attention and reproach, Mahmoud Khalil, a lawful permanent resident of the United States and recent graduate of Columbia University (another target of the Trump administration’s ire), was arrested on 8 March by Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents in front of his apartment in New York and subsequently transferred to a detention facility in Louisiana. In this blog post, my aim is to show that the case of Mr. Khalil implicates perhaps the most sacrosa...| Verfassungsblog
In this blog post, we document and analyse the numerous apparent breaches of international law that have occurred within the first six weeks of the 2025 Trump administration. What began as an informal discussion at the Lauterpacht Centre for International Law has evolved into this analytical overview. We believe this documentation serves both academic purposes and potentially supports future legal proceedings. While defenders of these actions will undoubtedly offer justifications for what we ...| Verfassungsblog
At the European Union’s external borders, migrants are being instrumentalized in geopolitical conflicts, as seen in cases before the European Court of Human Rights concerning pushbacks at the EU-Belarus border. Poland, Latvia, and Lithuania justify these measures as responses to a “hybrid war,” while critics warn against eroding non-refoulement protections. The Court’s ruling will be crucial in defining the balance between state security and human rights.| Verfassungsblog
Am 7. November 2024 hat der Bundestag die fraktionsübergreifende Antisemitismus-Resolution angenommen. Sie fordert u.a. sicherzustellen, dass Projekte in Wissenschaft, Kunst und Kultur, die als antisemitisch anzusehen sind, keine staatlichen Förderungen erhalten. Doch um die Frage, wo legitime Palästinasolidarität und Israelkritik aufhört und wo Antisemitismus anfängt, wird gesellschaftlich und politisch gerungen. Obwohl die Resolution rechtlich unverbindlich ist, können von ihr mittel...| Verfassungsblog
Verwaltungsgerichte korrigieren in großer Zahl Asylbescheide des Bundesamts für Migration und Flüchtlinge, insbesondere seit dem Ausbruch der Corona-Pandemie 2020 und jüngst seit der Machtübernahme der Taliban. Da die Rechtsprechung zu diesen „kollektiven Gefährdungslagen“ weiterhin uneinheitlich ist, bedarf es einer systematischeren Veröffentlichungspraxis, transparenteren Urteilsbegründungen und einer stärkeren wissenschaftlichen Begleitung.| Verfassungsblog
Over the last days, England and Northern Ireland have witnessed a wave of racist violence and destruction. These riots, which have thrown the country into chaos, included attacks on mosques, burning of cars, and confrontations with the police. The racist nature of the events is made clear by the racist chants that are sung amid them, by posters shown by participants, and by the selective targeting of minorities. Given how shocking these scenes are, one naturally wonders what is causing them. ...| Verfassungsblog
