When I encounter a new function, I usually graph it to gain intuition about how the function transforms its inputs. Recently, I needed to use the Rayleigh quotient function, which is connected to the estimation of eigenvalues and eigenvectors for symmetric matrices. It has been several years since I last thought about the Rayleigh quotient, so this article shows how to visualize the function in SAS for 2 x 2 and 3 x 3 symmetric matrices. What is the Rayleigh quotient? The Rayleigh quotien...