IP address blocking, configuring a network to refuse requests sent from specific IP addresses. IP addresses are blocked for multiple reasons, including to enforce standards for online behavior (e.g., a school restricting its students from accessing certain websites), protect networks against| Encyclopedia Britannica
Asclepius, Greco-Roman god of medicine, son of Apollo and the mortal princess Coronis. The Centaur Chiron taught him the art of healing. At length Zeus (the king of the gods), afraid that Asclepius might render all men immortal, slew him with a thunderbolt.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Apiaceae, the parsley family, in the order Apiales, comprising about 434 genera and nearly 3,780 species of plants distributed throughout a wide variety of habitats, principally in the north temperate regions of the world. A number of species are economically important as vegetables, herbs, spices, and ornamentals.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Replacement theory, in the United States and certain other Western countries, a far-right conspiracy theory alleging that left-leaning domestic or international elites, on their own initiative or under the direction of Jewish co-conspirators, are attempting to replace white citizens with nonwhite immigrants.| Encyclopedia Britannica
United Airlines flight 93 was a domestic passenger flight that was hijacked on September 11, 2001, as part of a coordinated terrorist attack on the United States by al-Qaeda. The plane crashed into a field near Shanksville, Pennsylvania.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Penal Laws, laws passed against Roman Catholics in Britain and Ireland after the Reformation that penalized the practice of the Roman Catholic religion and imposed civil disabilities on Catholics. Various acts passed in the 16th and 17th centuries prescribed fines and imprisonment for participation| Encyclopedia Britannica
Automation - Manufacturing, Robotics, Applications: One of the most important application areas for automation technology is manufacturing. To many people, automation means manufacturing automation. In this section, the types of automation are defined, and examples of automated systems used in manufacturing are described. Three types of automation in production can be distinguished: (1) fixed automation, (2) programmable automation, and (3) flexible automation. Fixed automation, also known as...| Encyclopedia Britannica
For an editor of the Encyclopædia Britannica, it must have been a small triumph to persuade T.E. Lawrence, better known as Lawrence of Arabia (1888–1935), to contribute an article on guerrilla warfare to the 14th edition (1929). He was one of Britannica’s writers who were also legends. On| Encyclopedia Britannica
Caiman, any of several species of Central and South American reptiles that are related to alligators and are usually placed with them in the family Alligatoridae. They are amphibious carnivores and live along the edges of rivers and other bodies of water.| Encyclopedia Britannica
IOS is a multiplatform operating system (OS) created and developed by Apple Inc. for its iPhone.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Carbon footprint, amount of carbon dioxide emissions associated with all the activities of a person or other entity. It includes direct emissions, such as those that result from fossil fuel combustion, as well as emissions required to produce the electricity associated with goods and services consumed.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Etched glass, type of glassware whose decorative design has been cut into the surface by the corrosive action of an acid. An etched-glass surface may be either rough and frosted or satiny smooth and translucent, depending largely on the composition of the glass and the amount of time the glass is| Encyclopedia Britannica
Pravda, newspaper that was the official organ of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1918 to 1991. It was sold to a Greek investor in 1992. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, numerous publications and Web sites continued under the Pravda name.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Izvestiya, historically important Russian daily newspaper published in Moscow. The paper was published by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the U.S.S.R. and was the official national publication of the Soviet government until 1991. The newspaper was founded in March 1917 in Petrograd (now St.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Being and Time, work by the German existentialist philosopher Martin Heidegger, first published in German (as Sein und Zeit) in 1927, that permanently altered the course of philosophy in continental Europe. Widely regarded as Heidegger’s masterpiece, Being and Time generated a level of excitement| Encyclopedia Britannica
Marigold, genus of about 50 species of annual herbs native to southwestern North America, tropical America, and South America. Several species are grown as garden ornamentals for their attractive flowers, and most marigolds have strong-scented leaves.| Encyclopedia Britannica
History of the development of Hangul, the Korean written alphabet.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Hippocrates, ancient Greek physician who lived during Greece’s Classical period and is traditionally regarded as the father of medicine. He has been revered for his ethical standards in medical practice, mainly for the Hippocratic Oath, which, it is suspected, he did not write.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Salsa is a hybrid musical form based on Afro-Cuban music but incorporating elements from other Latin American styles. It developed largely in New York City beginning in the 1940s and ’50s, and it peaked in popularity in the 1970s. A dance associated with the music is also known as ‘salsa.’| Encyclopedia Britannica
Jurisdiction, in law, the constitutionally based authority of a court to hear and determine cases. Examples of judicial jurisdiction are appellate jurisdiction, concurrent jurisdiction, federal or state jurisdiction, territorial jurisdiction, and summary jurisdiction.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Geoffrey Of Monmouth was a medieval English chronicler and bishop of St. Asaph (1152), whose major work, the Historia regum Britanniae (History of the Kings of Britain), brought the figure of Arthur into European literature. In three passages of the Historia Geoffrey describes himself as “Galfridus| Encyclopedia Britannica
United Nations Resolution 181 is a resolution passed by the United Nations in 1947 calling for the partition of Palestine into Arab and Jewish states.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Have you ever heard the traditional folk song “Whiskey in the Jar”? Or is that “Whisky in the Jar”? Just what is the difference between “whiskey” and “whisky”? And while we are at it, how do Scotch, bourbon, and rye figure in all of this? First of all, they are all types of whiskey (or whisky—more on that later).| Encyclopedia Britannica
Go, board game for two players that is popular in China, Korea, and especially Japan, the country with which it is most closely identified.| Encyclopedia Britannica
123Movies is a defunct movie and television show streaming website that enabled users to watch and download media for free in the 2010s.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Colombo, city, executive and judicial capital of Sri Lanka. Situated on the west coast of the island, just south of the Kelani River, Colombo is a principal port on the Indian Ocean. It has one of the largest artificial harbors in the world. Its oldest districts are known as the Fort and the Pettah.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Put your skills to the test and solve eight word games at once! You have 13 guesses to solve all eight words. A new Octordle available each day to solve.| www.britannica.com
Alfonso XIII was a Spanish king (1902–31) who by authorizing a military dictatorship hastened his own deposition by advocates of the Second Republic. The posthumous son of Alfonso XII, Alfonso XIII was immediately proclaimed king under the regency of his mother, María Cristina. Although lively and| Encyclopedia Britannica
Bokna Fjord, inlet of the North Sea in southwestern Norway. At its mouth, between the southern tip of Karm Island and the northern tip of the Tungenes Peninsula, it is 12 miles (20 km) wide. Bokna Fjord proper extends inland for about 28 miles (45 km). Its principal branches include Skjold Fjord| Encyclopedia Britannica
Sun Belt, region comprising 15 southern states in the United States and extending from Virginia and Florida in the southeast through Nevada in the southwest, and also including southern California. Between 1970 and 1990 the South grew in population by 36 percent and the West by 51 percent, both| Encyclopedia Britannica
Alex Morgan (b. 1989) is an American professional football (soccer) player who used her speed and strength to become one of the leading scorers in the sport. She helped the U.S. Women’s National Team win two World Cups (2015 and 2019) as well as a gold medal at the 2012 London Olympics and a bronze medal at the 2020 Tokyo Games.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Giuseppe Garibaldi, Italian patriot and soldier of the Risorgimento, a republican who, through his conquest of Sicily and Naples with his guerrilla Redshirts, contributed to the achievement of Italian unification under the royal house of Savoy. Learn more about Garibaldi in this article.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Pileus, close-fitting, brimless hat worn by the ancient Romans and copied from the Greek sailor’s hat called the pilos. In Roman times the head was generally left uncovered, but commoners and freed slaves sometimes wore the felt pileus. The hat was again popular during the Renaissance, especially| Encyclopedia Britannica
Butterscotch, usually hard candy made by boiling brown sugar and butter and sometimes corn syrup in water. The name’s origin is unclear; it may denote the candy’s origin in Scotland or an original ingredient of ‘scotched,’ or scorched, butter. Butterscotch differs from caramel by the absence of milk or milk substitute.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Cilantro (aka the leaves of the coriander plant) is a tasty herb to most people.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Gabriel Garcia Marquez was a Colombian novelist and one of the greatest writers of the 20th century. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1982, mostly for his masterpiece Cien anos de soledad (1967; One Hundred Years of Solitude).| Encyclopedia Britannica
Artha-shastra, singularly important Indian manual on the art of politics, attributed to Kautilya (also known as Chanakya), who reportedly was chief minister to the emperor Chandragupta (c. 300 bce), the founder of the Mauryan dynasty. Although it is unlikely that all of the text dates to such an| Encyclopedia Britannica
Yayoi Kusama, Japanese artist known for her extensive use of polka dots and for her Infinity Mirrored Rooms. She employed painting, sculpture, performance art, and installations in a variety of styles, including Pop art and Minimalism. Read more about her life and career.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Bhutan, landlocked country of south-central Asia, located on the eastern ridges of the Himalayas. Historically a remote kingdom, Bhutan became less isolated in the second half of the 20th century, and consequently the pace of change began to accelerate. With improvements in transportation, by the| Encyclopedia Britannica
In English law, attainder is the extinction of civil and political rights resulting from a sentence of death or outlawry after a conviction of treason or a felony.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Jules, Cardinal Mazarin was the first minister of France after Cardinal de Richelieu’s death in 1642. During the early years of King Louis XIV, he completed Richelieu’s work of establishing France’s supremacy among the European powers and crippling the opposition to the power of the monarchy at| Encyclopedia Britannica
Robert Nozick - Entitlement Theory, Libertarianism, Anarchy: Nozick’s vision of legitimate state power thus contrasts markedly with that of Rawls and his followers. Rawls argues that the state should have whatever powers are necessary to ensure that those citizens who are least well-off are as well-off as they can be (though these powers must be consistent with a variety of basic rights and freedoms). This viewpoint is derived from Rawls’s theory of justice, one principle of which is that...| Encyclopedia Britannica
Colossus of Rhodes, colossal statue of the sun god Helios that stood in the ancient Greek city of Rhodes and was one of the Seven Wonders of the World. The statue, which took 12 years to build (c. 294–282 BCE), was toppled by an earthquake about 225/226 BCE. Learn more about the Colossus of Rhodes in this article.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Other articles where ultra-high-temperature pasteurization is discussed: pasteurization: Ultra-high-temperature (UHT) pasteurization involves heating milk or cream to 138–150 °C (280–302 °F) for one or two seconds. Packaged in sterile, hermetically sealed containers, UHT milk may be stored without refrigeration for months. Ultrapasteurized milk and cream are heated to at least 138 °C for…| Encyclopedia Britannica
Mount Everest, mountain on the crest of the Great Himalayas of southern Asia that lies on the border between Nepal and the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. Reaching an elevation of 29,032 feet (8,849 meters), Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world. It has long been revered by local peoples.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Prohibition was legal prevention of the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages in the United States from 1920 to 1933 under the Eighteenth Amendment. Despite this legislation, millions of Americans drank liquor illegally, giving rise to bootlegging, speakeasies, and a period of gangsterism.| Encyclopedia Britannica
A prepositional phrase is a group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase (this noun, pronoun, or noun| www.britannica.com
Lima bean, any of a variety of legumes (family Fabaceae) widely cultivated for their edible seeds. Lima beans are of Central American origin and have a wide range of pod sizes and seed shapes. Butter beans and giant white beans are well-known varieties.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Marie-Louise was an Austrian archduchess who became empress of the French (impératrice des Français) as the second wife of the emperor Napoleon I; she was later duchess of Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla. Marie-Louise, a member of the house of Habsburg, was the eldest daughter of the Holy Roman| Encyclopedia Britannica
Situationist International (SI), group of artists, writers, and social critics (1957–72) that aimed to eliminate capitalism through the revolutionization of everyday life. Instead of focusing on traditional sites of economic and social change, such as the factory, the Situationist International| Encyclopedia Britannica
St. Gregory the Great was the pope, the leader of the Roman Catholic Church, from 590 to 604. He is considered the founder of the medieval papacy, which exercised both secular and spiritual power. Both a writer and a reformer, he was the fourth and final of the traditional Latin Fathers of the Church and expounded a sacramental spirituality.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Evagrius Ponticus was a Christian mystic and writer whose development of a theology of contemplative prayer and asceticism laid the groundwork for a tradition of spiritual life in both Eastern and Western churches. Evagrius was a noted preacher and theological consultant in Constantinople when a| Encyclopedia Britannica
House arrest, court-ordered confinement in one’s own home. The sentence is viewed as an important alternative to standard incarceration at various stages of the criminal justice process. It is employed by criminal justice systems around the world and often entails very diverse requirements. There| Encyclopedia Britannica
Explore the fact-checked online encyclopedia from Encyclopaedia Britannica with hundreds of thousands of objective articles, biographies, videos, and images from experts.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Mark Twain was a humorist, journalist, lecturer, and novelist who remains best known for his adventure stories of American boyhood. His novels include The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventure of Huckleberry Finn.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Jacquard loom, in weaving, device incorporated in special looms to control individual warp yarns. It used punched cards to produce fabrics having intricate woven patterns such as tapestry, brocade, and damask. Its use of punch cards was adapted for use in 19th- and 20th-century computers.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Joseph-Marie Jacquard, French inventor of the Jacquard loom, which served as the impetus for the technological revolution of the textile industry and is the basis of the modern automatic loom. The Jacquard loom’s punched cards later became a method of inputting data into computers until the mid 20th-century.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Black pudding, a sausage incorporating blood, popular in the British Isles and typically eaten as a breakfast food. Black pudding has been a recorded item of British cuisine since at least the 1400s, although it is certainly far older. The Odyssey of Homer mentions a sausage “filled with fat and| Encyclopedia Britannica
Bedouin, Arab-speaking nomadic peoples of the Middle Eastern deserts, especially of North Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, Egypt, Israel, Iraq, Syria, and Jordan. Most Bedouins are animal herders, and their society is tribal and patriarchal, typically composed of extended families that are headed by sheikhs.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Santiago Calatrava, Spanish architect widely known for his sculptural bridges and buildings. His projects include the Alamillo Bridge, Sevilla, Spain; Turning Torso, Malmo, Sweden; the Airport Railway Station, Lyon, France; and an addition to the Milwaukee Art Museum, Wisconsin.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Chiron, in Greek mythology, one of the Centaurs, the son of the Titan Cronus and Philyra, an Oceanid or sea nymph. Chiron lived at the foot of Mount Pelion in Thessaly. Unlike other Centaurs, who were violent and savage, he was famous for his wisdom and knowledge of medicine. Many Greek heroes,| Encyclopedia Britannica
Wars of the Roses (1455–85), in English history, the series of civil wars that preceded the rise of the Tudors. Fought between the houses of Lancaster and York for the English throne, the wars were named years afterward from the supposed badges of the contenders: the white rose of York and the red rose of Lancaster.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Nongovernmental organization (NGO), voluntary group of individuals or organizations, usually not affiliated with any government, that is formed to provide services or to advocate a public policy. Although some NGOs are for-profit corporations, the vast majority are nonprofit organizations. Some| Encyclopedia Britannica
Fungicide, any toxic substance used to kill or inhibit the growth of fungi. Fungicides are generally used to control parasitic fungi that either cause economic damage to crop or ornamental plants or endanger the health of domestic animals or humans. Learn more about the types and uses of fungicides.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Slavic languages - Indo-European, Dialects, Grammar: A number of features set off Slavic from other Indo-European subgroups. The Slavic languages are an unusually numerous yet close-knit subgroup. On the whole, Slavic auxiliary words tend to be unstressed and to be incorporated into a single phonetic group or phrase with an autonomous stressed word. Inflection (i.e., the use of endings, prefixes, and vowel alternations) has persisted as the main method of differentiating grammatical meanings,...| Encyclopedia Britannica
Caribbean Sea, suboceanic basin of the western Atlantic Ocean, lying between latitudes 9 and 22 degrees N and longitudes 89 and 60 degrees W. It is approximately 1,063,000 square miles (2,753,000 square km) in extent. Learn more about the Caribbean Sea in this article.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Moonshine is, traditionally, illicitly distilled liquor, though it is also a product distilled legally today. The word “moonshine” is derived from the notion of the liquor being made and distributed at night, under cover of darkness. Moonshine has also been called rotgut, white lightning, white dog, and corn liquor.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Conservation of energy, principle of physics according to which the energy in a closed system remains constant. Energy is not created or destroyed but merely changes forms. For example, in a swinging pendulum, potential energy is converted to kinetic energy and back again.| Encyclopedia Britannica
One of two or more species of atoms of an element with the same atomic number but different atomic masses.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Antoine Lavoisier, prominent French chemist and leading figure in the 18th-century chemical revolution who developed an experimentally based theory of the chemical reactivity of oxygen and coauthored the modern system for naming chemical substances. He was also a leading financier and public administrator.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Random walk, in probability theory, a process for determining the probable location of a point subject to random motions, given the probabilities (the same at each step) of moving some distance in some direction. Random walks are an example of Markov processes, in which future behaviour is| Encyclopedia Britannica
Yinyang, in Eastern thought, is the two complementary forces that make up all aspects and phenomena of life. Yin is a symbol of earth, femaleness, darkness, passivity, and absorption. Yang is conceived of as heaven, maleness, light, activity, and penetration.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Nirvana, in Indian religious thought, the supreme goal of certain meditation disciplines. Although it occurs in the literatures of a number of ancient Indian traditions, the Sanskrit term nirvana is most commonly associated with Buddhism, in which it is the oldest and most common designation for| Encyclopedia Britannica
Millennial, term used to describe a person born between 1981 and 1996, though different sources can vary by a year or two. It was first used in the book Generations (1991) by William Strauss and Neil Howe, who felt it was an appropriate name for the first generation to reach adulthood in the new| Encyclopedia Britannica
Middle Ages, the period in European history from the collapse of Roman civilization in the 5th century CE to the dawn of the Renaissance (variously interpreted as beginning in the 13th, 14th, or 15th century, depending on the region of Europe and other factors).| Encyclopedia Britannica
Clearwing moth, (family Sesiidae), any of approximately 1,000 species of moths (order Lepidoptera) that are long-legged with a slender, dark body with bright red or yellow markings. The wings frequently lack scales and are transparent. Unlike those of other moths, the front and back wings are| Encyclopedia Britannica
Koi, (Cyprinus carpio), any of more than 100 ornamental varieties of carp that are best known for their colourful body patterning and are kept as pets in indoor and outdoor freshwater ponds throughout the world. Koi were raised initially as food fishes in China and Japan. However, they also serve| Encyclopedia Britannica
Gambling is the betting or staking of something of value, with consciousness of risk and hope of gain, on the outcome of a game, a contest, or an uncertain event whose result may be determined by chance or accident or have an unexpected result by reason of the bettor’s miscalculation.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Blackjack, gambling card game popular in casinos throughout the world. Its origin is disputed, but it is certainly related to several French and Italian gambling games. In Britain since World War I, the informal game has been called pontoon. Players hope to get a total card value of 21 or to come| Encyclopedia Britannica
Thunderstorm - Electrification, Lightning, Precipitation: Within a single thunderstorm, there are updrafts and downdrafts and a variety of cloud particles and precipitation. Measurements show that thunderclouds in different geographic locations tend to produce an excess negative charge at altitudes where the ambient air temperature is between about −5 and −15 °C (23 to 5 °F). Positive charge accumulates at both higher and lower altitudes. The result is a division of charge across space ...| Encyclopedia Britannica
Electric motor - Linear Induction, Magnetic Fields, Propulsion: A linear induction motor provides linear force and motion rather than rotational torque. The shape and operation of a linear induction motor can be visualized as depicted in the figure by making a radial cut in a rotating induction machine and flattening it out. The result is a flat “stator,” or upper section, of iron laminations that carry a three-phase, multipole winding with conductors perpendicular to the direction of mot...| Encyclopedia Britannica
Romulus and Remus are the legendary founders of Rome. Traditionally, they were the sons of Rhea Silvia, daughter of Numitor, king of Alba Longa. Rhea’s uncle, Amulius, tried to have the infants drowned in the Tiber River, but they survived and were kept alive by a she-wolf.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Leprechaun, in Irish folklore, fairy in the form of a tiny old man often with a cocked hat and leather apron. Solitary by nature, he is said to live in remote places and to make shoes and brogues. The sound of his hammering betrays his presence. He possesses a hidden crock of gold; if captured and| Encyclopedia Britannica
Global North and Global South is a framework for understanding and analyzing the relative prosperity and international power of countries around the world.| Encyclopedia Britannica
André Malraux was a French novelist, art historian, and statesman who became an active supporter of Gen. Charles de Gaulle and, after de Gaulle was elected president in 1958, served for 10 years as France’s minister of cultural affairs. His major works include the novel La Condition humaine (1933;| Encyclopedia Britannica
Outsider art, any work of art produced by an untrained idiosyncratic artist who is typically unconnected to the conventional art world—not by choice but by circumstance. The “classic” figures of outsider art were socially or culturally marginal figures. They were usually undereducated; they almost| Encyclopedia Britannica
The financial crisis of 2007–08 was a severe contraction of liquidity in global financial markets that originated in the United States as a result of the collapse of the U.S. housing market. It precipitated the Great Recession (2007–09), the worst economic downturn in the United States since the Great Depression.| www.britannica.com
Likert scale, rating system, used in questionnaires, that is designed to measure people’s attitudes, opinions, or perceptions. Subjects choose from a range of possible responses to a specific question or statement; responses typically include “strongly agree,” “agree,” “neutral,” “disagree,” and| Encyclopedia Britannica
Demeter, in Greek religion, daughter of the deities Cronus and Rhea, sister and consort of Zeus (the king of the gods) and goddess of agriculture. In one legend her daughter Persephone is carried off by Hades, the god of the underworld. Demeter’s distress diverts her attention from the harvest and causes a famine.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Millennialism - Eschatology, Apocalypticism, Utopianism: The Taborites were perhaps the most important millennial group of the late Middle Ages and represent a transition to the new age of millennial movements in the Renaissance and the Reformation. Borrowing themes from the English Reformer John Wycliffe, Czech preachers advocated a radical, antipapal reform. Jan Hus, the most prominent of these men, was burned at the stake at the Council of Constance in 1415, which strengthened the hand of ...| Encyclopedia Britannica
Baroque art and architecture, the visual arts and construction in Western art that roughly coincide with the 17th century. Though stylistically complex, even contradictory, the qualities frequently associated with the Baroque are grandeur, sensuous richness, drama, vitality, movement, tension, and emotional exuberance.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Mount Ararat, volcanic massif in extreme eastern Turkey, overlooking the point at which the frontiers of Turkey, Iran, and Armenia converge. It consists of two peaks, Great Ararat, which is the highest peak in Turkey, and Little Ararat. Learn more about Mount Ararat.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Yahweh, name for the God of the Israelites, representing the biblical pronunciation of ‘YHWH,’ the Hebrew name revealed to Moses in the book of Exodus. The name YHWH, consisting of the sequence of consonants Yod, Heh, Waw, and Heh, is known as the tetragrammaton.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Aung San Suu Kyi - Burmese Activist, Nobel Laureate, Democracy: Government restrictions on Suu Kyi’s activities were further relaxed during 2011. She was allowed to meet freely with associates and others in Yangon and by midyear was able to travel outside the city. In August she met in the capital, Nay Pyi Taw (Naypyidaw), with Thein Sein, who had become the civilian president of Myanmar in March. Other high-profile meetings followed later in the year, including those with Thailand’s new ...| Encyclopedia Britannica
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF), any of several peptide hormones that function primarily to stimulate growth but that also possess some ability to decrease blood glucose levels. IGFs were discovered when investigators began studying the effects of biological substances on cells and tissues outside| Encyclopedia Britannica
Navy SEAL, in the U.S. Navy, a member of a special operations armed force trained to engage in direct raids or assaults on enemy targets, conduct reconnaissance missions to report on enemy activity (especially prior to beach landings), and take part in action against terrorist groups. The SEALs| Encyclopedia Britannica
Saʿdī was a Persian poet, one of the greatest figures in classical Persian literature. He lost his father, Muṣliḥ al-Dīn, in early childhood; later he was sent to study in Baghdad at the renowned Neẓāmīyeh College, where he acquired the traditional learning of Islam. The unsettled conditions| Encyclopedia Britannica
Tahini, paste of crushed sesame seeds that is widely used in Middle Eastern cooking. As an hors d’oeuvre dip, eaten with bread or crackers, tahini is often mixed with other ingredients, such as garlic and lemon juice or ground chickpeas, being made into a sauce or a paste known as hummus.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Xuanzang, Buddhist monk and Chinese pilgrim to India who translated the sacred scriptures of Buddhism from Sanskrit into Chinese and founded in China the Buddhist Consciousness Only school. His fame rests mainly on the volume and diversity of his translations of the Buddhist sutras and on the record of his travels.| Encyclopedia Britannica
Abraham, the first of the Hebrew patriarchs and an important figure in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.| Encyclopedia Britannica